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DARDANELLES (Turk. Sultanieh Kalehsi,...

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 829 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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DARDANELLES (Turk. Sultanieh Kalehsi, or Chanak Kalehsi) , the See also:chief See also:town and seat of See also:government of the lesser See also:Turkish See also:province of Bigha, See also:Asia See also:Minor. It is situated at the mouth of the Rhodius, and at the narrowest See also:part of the strait of the Dardanelles, where its span is but a mile across. Its See also:recent growth has been rapid, and it possesses a See also:lyceum, a military See also:hospital, a public See also:garden, a See also:theatre, quays and See also:water-See also:works. Exclusive of the See also:garrison, the See also:population is estimated at 13,000, of whom one-See also:half are Turkish, and the See also:remainder See also:Greek, Jewish, Armenian and See also:European. The town contains many mosques, Greek, Armenian and See also:Catholic churches, and a See also:synagogue. There is a See also:resident Greek See also:bishop. The See also:civil See also:governor, and the military command-ants of the numerous fortresses on each See also:side of the strait, are stationed here. Many important works have been added to the defences. The See also:Ottoman See also:fleet is stationed at Nagara (anc. See also:Abydos). The See also:average See also:annual number of See also:merchant vessels passing the strait is 12,000 and the See also:regular commercial vessels calling at the See also:port of Dardanelles are represented by numerous See also:foreign agencies.

Besides the Turkish See also:

telegraph service, the Eastern Telegraph See also:Company has a station at Dardanelles, andthere are Turkish, See also:Austrian, See also:French and See also:Russian See also:post offices. The import See also:trade consists of manufactures, See also:sugar, See also:flour, See also:coffee, See also:rice, See also:leather and See also:iron. The export trade consists of valonia (largely produced in the province), See also:wheat, See also:barley, beans, chick-peas, See also:canary See also:seed, See also:liquorice See also:root, See also:pine and See also:oak See also:timber, See also:wine and pottery. Excepting in the items of wine and pottery, the export trade shows steady increase. Every See also:year See also:sees a larger See also:area of See also:land brought under cultivation by immigrants, and adds to the number of mature (i.e. See also:fruit-bearing) valonia trees. See also:Vine-growers are discouraged by heavy fiscal charges, and by the See also:low See also:price of wine; many have uprooted their vineyards. The pottery trade is affected by See also:change of See also:fashion, and the factories are losing their importance. The See also:lower quarters of the town were heavily damaged in the See also:winter of 190o--19or by repeated inundations caused by the overflow of the Rhodius. See V. Cuinet, Turquie d'Asie (See also:Paris, 1890-1900).

End of Article: DARDANELLES (Turk. Sultanieh Kalehsi, or Chanak Kalehsi)

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