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ELONGATION

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Originally appearing in Volume V09, Page 298 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ELONGATION , strictly " lengthening "; in See also:

astronomy, the apparent angular distance of a heavenly See also:body from its centre of See also:motion, as seen from the See also:earth; designating especially the angular distance of the See also:planet See also:Mercury or See also:Venus from the See also:sun, or the apparent See also:angle between a See also:satellite and its See also:primary. The greatest elongation of Venus is about 450; that of Mercury generally ranges between 18° and 27°. EL PASO, a See also:city, See also:port of entry, and the See also:county-seat of El Paso county, See also:Texas, U.S.A., on the E. See also:bank of the Rio Grande, in the extreme W. See also:part of the See also:state, at an See also:altitude of 3710 ft. Pop. (1880) 736; (1890) 10,338; (1900) 15,906, of whom 6309 were See also:foreign-See also:born and 466 were negroes; (1910 See also:census) 39,279. Many of the inhabitants are of Mexican descent. El Paso is an important railway centre and is served by the following See also:railways: the See also:Atchison, See also:Topeka & See also:Santa Fe, of which it is the S. See also:terminus; the El Paso & See also:South-Western, which connects with the See also:Chicago, See also:Rock See also:Island & El Paso (of the Rock Island See also:system); the See also:Galveston, See also:Harrisburg & See also:San See also:Antonio, of which it is the W. terminus; the Mexican Central, of which it is the N. terminus; the Texas & Pacific, of which it is the W. terminus; a See also:branch of the See also:Southern Pacific, of which it is the E. terminus; and the See also:short Rio Grande, Sierra Madre & Pacific, of which it is the N. terminus. The city is regularly laid out on level bottom lands, stretching to the table-lands and slopes to the N.E. and N.W. of the city. Opposite, on the W. bank of the See also:river, is the Mexican See also:town of See also:Ciudad See also:Juarez (until 1885 known as Paso del Norte), with which El Paso is connected by See also:bridges and by electric railway. The See also:climate is mild, warm and dry, El Paso being well known as a See also:health resort, particularly for sufferers from pulmonary complaints. Amongthe city's public buildings are a handsome Federal See also:building, a county See also:court See also:house, a city See also:hall, a Y.M.C.A. building, a public library, a See also:sanatorium for consumptives, and the Hotel Dieu, a See also:hospital maintained by See also:Roman Catholics. El Paso is the seat of St See also:Joseph's See also:Academy and of the El Paso Military See also:Institute.

Three See also:

miles E. of the city limits is Fort See also:Bliss, a U.S. military See also:post, with a See also:reservation of about 2 sq. m. El Paso's situation on the Mexican frontier gives it a large See also:trade with See also:Mexico; it is the port of entry of the Paso del Norte customs See also:district, one of the larger Mexican border districts, and in 1908 its imports were valued at $2,677,784 and its exports at $5,661,901. See also:Wheat, boots and shoes, See also:mining machinery, See also:cement, See also:lime, See also:lumber, See also:beer, and denatured See also:alcohol are among the varied exports; the See also:principal imports are ore, See also:sugar, cigars, oranges, See also:drawn See also:work and Mexican curios. El Paso has extensive manufactories, especially railway See also:car shops, which in 1905 employed 34.5 % of the factory wage-earners. Just outside the city limits are important See also:lead smelting See also:works, to which are brought ores for treatment from western Texas, See also:northern Mexico, New Mexico and See also:Arizona. Among the city's manufactures are cement, denatured alcohol, See also:ether, See also:varnish, clothing and canned goods. The value of the city's See also:total factory product in 1905 was $2,377,813, 96 % greater than that in 1900. El Paso lies in a fertile agricultural valley, and in 1908 the erection of an immense See also:dam was begun near Engle, New Mexico (too m. above El Paso), by the U.S. governm&nt, to See also:store the See also:flood See also:waters of the Rio Grande for irrigating this See also:area. Before the Mexican See also:War, following which the first See also:United States See also:settlement was made, the site of El Paso was known as See also:Ponce de See also:Leon See also:Ranch, the See also:land being owned by the Ponce de Leon See also:family. El Paso was first chartered as a city in 1873, and in 1907 adopted the See also:commission See also:form of See also:government.

End of Article: ELONGATION

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