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FALLILRES, CLEMENT ARMAND (1841– )

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Originally appearing in Volume V10, Page 154 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FALLILRES, See also:CLEMENT ARMAND (1841– ) , See also:president of the See also:French See also:republic, was See also:born at Mezin in the See also:department of See also:Lot-et-See also:Garonne, where his See also:father was clerk of the See also:peace. He studied See also:law and became an See also:advocate at See also:Nerac, beginning his public career there as municipal councillor (1868), afterwards See also:mayor (1871), and as councillor-See also:general of the department of Lot-et-Garonne (1871). Being an ardent Republican, he lost this position in May 1873 upon the fall of See also:Thiers, but in See also:February 1876 was elected See also:deputy for Nerac. In the chamber he sat with the Republican See also:Left, signed the protestation of the 18th of May 1877, and was re-elected in See also:October by his See also:constituency. In 188o he became under-secretary of See also:state in the department of the interior in the Jules See also:Ferry See also:ministry (May 188o to See also:November 1881). From the 7th of See also:August 1882 to the loth of February 1883 he was See also:minister of the interior, and for a See also:month (from the 29th of See also:January 1883) was premier. His ministry had to See also:face the question of the See also:expulsion of the pretenders to the See also:throne of See also:France, owing to the See also:proclamation by See also:Prince See also:Jerome See also:Napoleon (January 1883), and M. Fallieres, who was See also:ill at the See also:time, was not able to face the See also:storm of opposition, and resigned when the See also:senate rejected his project. In the following November, how-ever, he was chosen as minister of public instruction by Jules Ferry, and carried out various reforms in the school See also:system. He resigned with the ministry in See also:March 1885. Again becoming minister of the interior in the See also:Rouvier See also:cabinet in May 1887, he exchanged his See also:portfolio in See also:December for that of See also:justice. He returned to the ministry of the interior in February 1889, and finally took the department of justice from March 1890 to February 1892.

In See also:

June 1890 his department (Lot-et-Garonne) elected him to the senate by 417 votes to 23. There M. Fallieres remained somewhat apart from party struggles, although maintaining his See also:influence among the Republicans. In March 1899 he was elected president of the senate, and retained that position until January 1906, when he was chosen by a See also:union of the See also:groups of the Left in both See also:chambers as See also:candidate for the See also:presidency of the republic. He was elected on the first See also:ballot by 449 votes againt 371 for his opponent, See also:Paul See also:Doumer. FALL-See also:LINE, in See also:American See also:geology, a line marking the junction between the hard rocks of the Appalachian Mountains and the softer deposits of the coastal See also:plain. The pre-See also:Cambrian and metamorphic rocks of the See also:mountain See also:mass See also:form a continuous ledge parallel to the See also:east See also:coast, where they are subject to denudation and form a See also:series of " falls " and rapids in the See also:river courses all along this line. The See also:relief of the See also:land below the falls is very slight, and this See also:low See also:country rarely rises to a height of 200 ft., so that the See also:rivers are navigable up to the falls, while the falls themselves are a valuable source of See also:power. A line of cities may be traced upon the See also:map whose position will thus be readily understood in relation to the economic importance of the fall-line. They are Trenton on the See also:Delaware, See also:Philadelphia on the Schuylkill, See also:Georgetown on the See also:Potomac, See also:Richmond on the See also:James, and See also:Augusta on the See also:Savannah. It will be readily understood that the softer and more See also:recent rocks of the coastal plain have been more easily washed away, while the harder rocks of the mountains, owing to See also:differential denudation, are left See also:standing high above them, and that the trend of the edge of this See also:great lenticularmass of See also:ancient See also:rock is roughly parallel to that of the Appalachian system.

End of Article: FALLILRES, CLEMENT ARMAND (1841– )

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