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ROUVIER, MAURICE (1842— )

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 781 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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See also:

ROUVIER, See also:MAURICE (1842— ) , See also:French statesman, was See also:born at See also:Aix on the 17th of See also:April 1842, and spent the See also:early years of his manhood in business at See also:Marseilles. He supported See also:Gambetta's candidature there in 1867, and in 187o he founded an See also:anti-imperial See also:journal, L'Egalite. Becoming secretary See also:general of the prefecture of Bouches-du-See also:Rhone in 1870-71, he refused the See also:office of See also:prefect. In See also:July 1871 he was returned to the See also:National See also:Assembly for Marseilles at a by-See also:election, and voted steadily with the Republican party. He became a recognized authority on See also:finance, and repeatedly served on the See also:Budget See also:Commission as reporter or See also:president. At the general elections of 1881 after the fall of the See also:Ferry See also:cabinet he was returned to the chamber on a See also:programme which included the separation of See also:Church and See also:State, a policy of decentralization, and the See also:imposition of an income-tax. He then joined Gambetta's cabinet as See also:minister of See also:commerce and the colonies, and in the 1883—85 cabinet of Jules Ferry he held the same office. He became premier and minister of finance on the 31st of May 1887, with the support of the moderate republican See also:groups, the Radicals holding aloof in support of General See also:Boulanger, who began a violent agitation against the See also:government. Then came the See also:scandal of the decorations in which President See also:Grevy's son-in-See also:law See also:Daniel See also:Wilson figured, and the Rouvier cabinet See also:fell in the See also:attempt to See also:screen the president. Rouvier's opposition in his capacity of president of the Budget Commission was one of the causes of the defeat of the See also:Floquet cabinet in See also:February 1889. In the new See also:Tirard See also:ministry formed to combat the Boulangist agitation he was minister of finance. This See also:portfolio he retained consecutively in the See also:Freycinet, the See also:Loubet and the See also:Ribot cabinets, 1890-93.

His relations with See also:

Cornelius Herz and the See also:baron de See also:Reinach compelled his retirement, however, from the Ribot cabinet at the See also:time of the See also:Panama scandals in See also:December 1892. Again, in 1902, he became minister of finance, after nearly ten years in exclusion from office, in the See also:Radical cabinet of M. See also:Combes; and on the fall of the Combes ministry in See also:January 1905 he was invited by the president to See also:form a new ministry. In this cabinet he at first held the ministry of finance. In his initial See also:declaration to the chamber the new premier had declared his intention of continuing the policy of the See also:late cabinet, pledging the new ministry to a policy of conciliation, to the See also:consideration of old See also:age See also:pensions, an income-tax, separation of Church and State. Public See also:attention, however, was chiefly concentrated on See also:foreign policy. During the Combes ministry M. See also:Delcasse had come to a See also:secret understanding with See also:Spain on the Moroccan question, and had established an understanding with See also:England. His policy had aroused See also:German See also:jealousy, which became evident in the asperity with which the question of See also:Morocco was handled in See also:Berlin. At a cabinet See also:meeting on See also:June 5th it is said that M. Rouvier reproached the Foreign Minister with imprudence in the See also:matter of Morocco, and after a heated discussion M. Delcasse gave in his resignation.

M. Rouvier himself took the portfolio of foreign affairs at this anxious juncture. He, after See also:

critical negotiations, secured on July 8th an agreement with See also:Germany accepting the See also:international See also:conference proposed by the See also:sultan of Morocco on the assurance that Germany would recognize the See also:special nature of the See also:interest of See also:France in maintaining See also:order on the frontier of her Algerian See also:empire. Lengthy discussions resulted in a new See also:convention in See also:September, which contained the programme of the proposed conference, and in December M. Rouvier was able to make a statement of the whole proceedings in the chamber, which received the assent of all parties. M. Rouvier's government did not See also:long survive the presidential election of 1906. The disturbances arising in connexion with the Separation Law were skilfully handled by M. See also:Clemenceau to discredit the ministry, which gave See also:place to a cabinet under the direction of M. Sarrien.

End of Article: ROUVIER, MAURICE (1842— )

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