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See also:GOLUCHOWSKI, AGENOR, See also:COUNT (1849- ) , See also:Austrian statesman, was See also:born on the 25th of See also:March 1849. His See also:father, descended from an old and See also:noble See also:Polish See also:family, was See also:governor of See also:Galicia. Entering the See also:diplomatic service, the son was in 1872 appointed attache to the Austrian See also:embassy at See also:Berlin, where he became secretary of See also:legation, and thence he was transferred to See also:Paris. After rising to the See also:rank of counsellor of legation, he was in 1887 made See also:minister at See also:Bucharest, where he remained till 1893. In these positions he acquired a See also:great reputation as a See also:firm and skilful diplomatist, and on the retirement of Count See also:Kalnoky in May 1895 was chosen to succeed him as Austro-Hungarian minister for See also:foreign affairs. The See also:appointment of a See also:Pole caused some surprise in view of the importance of Austrian relations with See also:Russia(then rather strained) and See also:Germany, but the choice was justified by events. In his speech of that See also:year to the delegations he declared the See also:maintenance of the Triple See also:Alliance, and in particular the closest intimacy with Germany, to be the See also:keystone of Austrian policy; at the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time he dwelt on the traditional friendship between See also:Austria and Great See also:Britain, and expressed his See also:desire for a See also:good understanding with all the See also:powers. In pursuance of this policy he effected an under-See also:standing with Russia, by which neither See also:power was to exert any See also:separate See also:influence in the See also:Balkan See also:peninsula, and thus removed a See also:long-standing cause of See also:friction. This understanding was formally ratified during a visit to St See also:Petersburg on which he accompanied the See also:emperor in See also:April 1897. He took the See also:lead in establishing the See also:European See also:concert during the Armenian troubles of 1896, and again resisted isolated See also:action on the See also:part of any of the great powers during the Cretan troubles and the See also:Greco-See also:Turkish See also:War. In See also:November 1897, when the Austro-Hungarian See also:flag was insulted at See also:Mersina, he threatened to See also:bombard the See also:town if instant reparation were not made, and by his firm attitude greatly enhanced Austrian See also:prestige in the See also:East. In his speech to the delegations in 1898 he dwelt on the See also:necessity of expanding Austria's See also:mercantile marine, and of raising the See also:fleet to a strength which, while not vying with the fleets of the great See also:naval powers, would ensure respect for the Austrian flag wherever her interests needed See also:protection. He also hinted at the necessity for European See also:combination to resist See also:American competition. The understanding with Russia in the See also:matter of the Balkan States temporarily endangered friendly relations with See also:Italy,
who thought her interests threatened, until Goluchowski guaranteed in 1898 the existing See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order. He further encouraged a good understanding with Italy by See also:personal conferences with the See also:Italian foreign minister, Tittoni, in 1904 and 1905. Count Lamsdorff visited See also:Vienna in See also:December 1902, when arrangements were made for concerted action in imposing on the See also:sultan reforms in the See also:government of See also:Macedonia. Further steps were taken after Goluchowski's interview with the See also:tsar at Miirzsteg in 1903, and two See also:civil agents representing the countries were appointed for two years to ensure the See also:execution of the promised reforms. This See also:period was extended in 1905, when Goluchowski was the See also:chief mover in forcing the See also:Porte, by an See also:international naval demonstration at Mitylene, to accept See also:financial See also:control by the powers in Macedonia. At the See also:conference assembled at See also:Algeciras to See also:settle the See also:Morocco Question, Austria supported the See also:German position, and after the See also:close of the conferences the emperor See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William II. telegraphed to Goluchowski: " You have proved yourself a brilliant second on the duelling ground and you may feel certain of like services from me in similar circumstances." This See also:pledge was redeemed in 1908, when Germany's support of Austria in the Balkan crisis proved conclusive. By the Hungarians, however, Goluchowski was hated; he was suspected of having inspired the emperor's opposition to the use of Magyar in the Hungarian See also:army, and was made responsible for the slight offered to the Magyar deputation by See also:Francis See also:Joseph in See also:September 1905. So long as he remained in See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office there was no See also:hope of arriving at a See also:settlement of a matter which threatened the disruption of the Dual See also:monarchy, and_on the 11th of See also:October 1906 he was forced to resign.
End of Article: GOLUCHOWSKI, AGENOR, COUNT (1849- )
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