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GRAIL (formerly KAREL)

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 362 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GRAIL (formerly KAREL) , a royal and See also:police See also:burgh of Fifeshire, See also:Scotland, 2 M. from See also:Fife, Ness, the most easterly point of the See also:county, and 11 m. S.E. of St See also:Andrews by the See also:North See also:British railway, but 2 m. nearer by road. Pop. (1901) 1077, It is said to have been a See also:town of some See also:note as See also:early as the 9th See also:century; and its See also:castle, of which there are hardly any remains, was the See also:residence of See also:David I. and other Scottish See also:kings. It was constituted a royal burgh by a See also:charter of See also:Robert See also:Bruce in 1306, and had its privileges confirmed by Robert II. in 1371, by See also:Mary in 1553, and by See also:Charles I. in 1635. Of its priory, dedicated to See also:CRAMBO St See also:Rufus, a few ruins still exist. The See also:church of Maelrubha, the See also:patron See also:saint of Crail, is an edifice of See also:great antiquity. Many of the See also:ordinary houses are massive and See also:quaint. The public buildings include a library and See also:reading-See also:room and town See also:hall. The See also:chief See also:industries comprise See also:fisheries, especially for crabs, See also:shipping and See also:brewing. It is growing in favour as a summer resort. It unites with St Andrews, the two Anstruthers, Kilrenny, Pittenweem and See also:Cupar in returning one member to See also:parliament.

Balcomie Castle, about 2 M. to the N.E., See also:

dates from the 14th century. Here Mary of See also:Guise landed in 1538, a few days before her See also:marriage to See also:James V. in St Andrews See also:cathedral. In the 18th century it passed through the hands of various proprietors and was ultimately shorn of much of its See also:original See also:size and grandeur. The See also:East Neuk is a See also:term applied more particularly to the See also:country See also:round Fife Ness, and more generally to all of the See also:peninsula east of an imaginary See also:line See also:drawn from St Andrews to See also:Elie. For fully See also:half the See also:year the cottages of its villages are See also:damp with the haar, or dense mist, See also:borne on the east See also:wind from the North See also:Sea.

End of Article: GRAIL (formerly KAREL)

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