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See also:GRAHAME, See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
JAMES 11765-1811), Scottlstl poet, was See also:born in t;iasgow on the 22nd of See also:April 1765, the son of a successful ,awyer. After compt'eting his See also:literary courge at See also:Glasgow univer-
319
sity, Grahame went in 1784 to See also:Edinburgh, where he qualified as writer to the signet, and subsequently for the Scottish See also:bar; of which he was elected a member in 1795. But his preferences had always been for the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church, and when he was See also:forty-four he took See also:Anglican orders, and became a See also:curate first at See also:Shipton, See also:Gloucestershire, and then at Sedgefield, See also:Durham. His See also:works include a dramatic poem, See also:Mary See also:Queen of Scots (18o1), The See also:Sabbath (1804), See also:British Georgics (1804), The Birds of See also:Scotland (18o6), and Poems on the Abolition of the Slave See also:Trade (181o). His See also:principal See also:work, The Sabbath, a sacred and descriptive poem in See also:blank See also:verse, is characterized by devotional feeling and by happy delineation of Scottish scenery. In the notes to his poems he expresses enlightened views on popular See also:education, the criminal See also:law and other public questions. He was emphatically a friend of humanity—a philanthropist as well as a poet. He died in Glasgow on the 14th of See also:September 1811.
See also:GRAHAM'S DYKE (or SHEUGH=See also:trench), a See also:local name for the See also:Roman fortified frontier, consisting of rampart, forts and road, which ran across the narrow See also:isthmus of Scotland from the Forth to the See also:Clyde (about 36 m.), and formed from A.D. 140 till about 185 the See also:northern frontier of Roman See also:Britain. The name is locally explained as recording a victorious See also:assault on the defences by one See also:Robert Graham and his men; it has also been connected with the Grampian Hills and the Latin See also:surveying See also:term groma. But, as is shown by its earliest recorded spelling, Grymisdyke (See also:Fordun, A.D. 1385), it is the same as the term Grim's Ditch which occurs several times in See also:England in connexion with See also:early ramparts —for example, near See also:Wallingford in See also:south See also:Oxfordshire or between See also:Berkhampstead (Herts) and Bradenham (Bucks). Grim seems to be a See also:Teutonic See also:god or See also:devil, who might be credited with the wish to build earthworks in unreasonably See also:short periods of See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time. By antiquaries the Graham's Dyke is usually styled the See also:Wall of See also:Pius or the Antonine Vallum, after the See also:emperor See also:Antoninus Pius, in whose reign it was constructed. See further BRITAIN: Roman. (F. J. H.)
GRAHAM'S See also:TOWN, a See also:city of South See also:Africa, the administrative centre for the eastern See also:part of the Cape See also:province, ro6 m. by See also:rail N.E. of See also:Port See also:Elizabeth and 43 M. by rail N.N.W. of Port See also:Alfred. Pop. (1904) 13,887, of whom 7283 were whites and 1837 were See also:electors. The town is built in a See also:basin of the grassy hills forming the spurs of the Zuurberg, 176o ft. above See also:sea-level. It is a pleasant See also:place of See also:residence, has a remarkably healthy See also:climate, and is regarded as the most See also:English-like town in the Cape. The streets are broad, and most of them lined with trees. In the High See also:Street are the law courts, the Anglican See also:cathedral of St See also:George, built from designs by See also:Sir See also:- GILBERT
- GILBERT (KINGSMILL) ISLANDS
- GILBERT (or GYLBERDE), WILLIAM (1544-1603)
- GILBERT, ALFRED (1854– )
- GILBERT, ANN (1821-1904)
- GILBERT, GROVE KARL (1843– )
- GILBERT, J
- GILBERT, JOHN (1810-1889)
- GILBERT, MARIE DOLORES ELIZA ROSANNA [" LOLA MONTEZ "] (1818-1861)
- GILBERT, NICOLAS JOSEPH LAURENT (1751–1780)
- GILBERT, SIR HUMPHREY (c. 1539-1583)
- GILBERT, SIR JOSEPH HENRY (1817-1901)
- GILBERT, SIR WILLIAM SCHWENK (1836– )
Gilbert See also:Scott, and See also:Commemoration See also:Chapel, the chiefplace of See also:worship of the Wesleyans, erected by the British emigrants of 1820. The Roman See also:Catholic cathedral of St See also:Patrick, a See also:Gothic See also:building, is to the See also:left of the High Street. The town See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
hall, also in the Gothic See also:style, has a square See also:clock See also:tower built on See also:arches over the See also:pavement. Graham's Town is one of the See also:chief educational centres in the Cape province. Besides the public See also:schools and the See also:Rhodes University See also:College (which in 1904 took over part of the work carried on since 1855 by St See also:Andrew's College), scholastic institutions are maintained by religious bodies. The town possesses two large hospitals, which receive patients from all parts of South Africa, and the See also:government bacteriological See also:institute. It is the centre of trade for an extensive See also:pastoral and agricultural See also:district. Owing to'the sour quality of the herbage in the surrounding zuurveld, stock-breeding and See also:wool-growing have been, however, to some extent replaced by See also:ostrich-farming, for which See also:industry Graham's Town is the most important entrep&t. See also:Dairy farming is much practised in the neighbourhood.
In 1812 the site of the town was chosen as the headquarters of the British troops engaged in protecting the frontier of Cape See also:Colony from the inroads of the See also:Kaffirs, and it was named after See also:Colonel See also:John Graham (1778-1821), then commanding the forces. (Graham had commanded the See also:light See also:infantry See also:battalion at the taking of the Cape by the British in the See also:action of the 6th of See also:January 18o6. He also took part in See also:campaigns in See also:Italy and See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland during the See also:Napoleonic See also:wars.) In 181 .4 an See also:attempt was
made by the Kaffirs to surprise Graham's Town, and ro,000 men attacked it, but they were repulsed by the See also:garrison, which numbered not more than 320 men, infantry and See also:artillery, under Lieut.-Colonel (afterwards See also:General Sir) See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas Willshire. In 1822 the town was chosen as the headquarters of the 4000 British immigrants who had reached Cape Colony in 182o. It has maintained its position as the most important inland town of the eastern part of the Cape province. In 1864 the Cape See also:parliament met in Graham's Town, the only instance of the legislature sitting elsewhere than in Cape Town. It is governed by a See also:municipality. The rateable value in 1go6 was 0891,536 and the See also:rate levied 22d. in the See also:pound.
See T. See also:Sheffield, The See also:Story of the See also:Settlement . , . (2nd ed., Graham's Town, 1884); C. T. See also:- CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER (1788–1866)
- CAMPBELL, BEATRICE STELLA (Mrs PATRICK CAMPBELL) (1865– )
- CAMPBELL, GEORGE (1719–1796)
- CAMPBELL, JOHN
- CAMPBELL, JOHN (1708-1775)
- CAMPBELL, JOHN CAMPBELL, BARON (1779-1861)
- CAMPBELL, JOHN FRANCIS
- CAMPBELL, LEWIS (1830-1908)
- CAMPBELL, REGINALD JOHN (1867— )
- CAMPBELL, THOMAS (1777—1844)
Campbell, British South Africa .. . with notices of some of the British Settlers of 1820 (See also:London, 1897).
End of Article: GRAHAME, JAMES
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