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GREGORY XI

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 574 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GREGORY XI . (See also:Pierre See also:Roger de See also:Beaufort), See also:pope from the 3oth of See also:December 1370 to the 27th of See also:March 1378, See also:born in See also:Limousin in 1330, created See also:cardinal-See also:deacon of Sta Maria Nuova by his See also:uncle, See also:Clement VI., was the successor of See also:Urban V. His efforts to establish See also:peace between See also:France and See also:England and to aid the Eastern Christians against the See also:Turks were fruitless, but he prevented the See also:Visconti of See also:Milan from making further encroachments on the States of the See also:Church. He introduced many reforms in the various monastic orders and took vigorous See also:measures against the heresies of the See also:time. His See also:energy was stimulated by the stirring words of See also:Catherine of See also:Siena, to whom in particular the transference of the papal see back to See also:Italy (17th of See also:January 1377) was almost entirely due. Whilst at See also:Rome he issued several bulls to the See also:archbishop of See also:Canterbury, the See also:king of England, and the university of See also:Oxford, commanding an investigation of Wycliffe's doctrines. Gregory was meditating a return to See also:Avignon when he died. He was the last of the See also:French popes who for some seventy years had made Avignon their see, a See also:man learned and full of zeal for the church, but irresolute and guilty of nepotism. The See also:great See also:schism, which was to endure fifty years, See also:broke out soon after the See also:election of his successor, Urban VI. See H. J. Tomaseth, " See also:Die See also:Register u.

Secreta.re Urbans V. u. Gregors XI." in Mitieilungen See also:

des Instituts See also:fur i sterreichische Geschichtsforschung (1898) ; Baluzius, Vitae pap. Avenion. vol. 1 (See also:Paris, 1693) ; L. Pastor, See also:History of the Popes, vol. 1, trans. by F. I. Antrobus (See also:London, 1899) ; F. See also:Gregorovius, Rome in the See also:Middle Ages, vol. 6, trans. by Mrs G. W. See also:Hamilton (London, 1900—19o2) ; J.

P. See also:

Kirsch, Die Riickkehr der Pdpste Urban V. u. Gregor XI. See also:con Avignon nach Rom (See also:Paderborn, 1898) ; J. B. Christophe, Histoire de la papaute See also:pendant le XIV' siecle, vol. 2 (Paris, 18J3). There is a See also:good See also:article by J. N. Brischar in the Kirchenlexikon, 2nd edition.

End of Article: GREGORY XI

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