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See also:GROOT, See also:GERHARD (1340—1384) , otherwise Gerrit or Geert Groet, in Latin Gerardus See also:Magnus, a preacher and founder of the society of See also:Brothers of See also:Common See also:Life (q.v.), was See also:born in 1340 at See also:Deventer in the See also:diocese of See also:Utrecht, where his See also:father held a See also:good civic position. He went to the university of See also:Paris when only fifteen. Here he studied scholastic See also:philosophy and See also:theology under a See also:- PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)
pupil of See also:Occam's, from whom he imbibed the nominalist conception of philosophy; in addition he studied See also:canon See also:law, See also:medicine, See also:astronomy and even magic, and apparently some See also:Hebrew. After a brilliant course he graduated in 1358, and possibly became See also:master in 1363. He pursued his studies still further in See also:Cologne, and perhaps in See also:Prague. In 1366 he visited the papal See also:court at See also:Avignon. About this See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time he was appointed to a canonry in Utrecht and to another in See also:Aix-la-Chapelle, and the life of the brilliant See also:young See also:scholar was rapidly becoming luxurious, See also:secular and selfish, when a See also:great spiritual See also:change passed over him which resulted in a final renunciation of every worldly enjoyment. This See also:conversion, which took See also:place in 1374, appears to have been due partly to the effects of a dangerous illness and partly to the See also:influence of See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry de See also:Calcar, the learned and pious See also:prior of the Carthusian monastery at Munnikhuizen near See also:Arnhem, who had remonstrated with him on the vanity of his life. About 1376 Gerhard retired to this monastery and there spent three years in meditation, See also:prayer and study, without, however, becoming a Carthusian. In 1379, having received ordination as a See also:deacon, he became missionary preacher through-out the diocese of Utrecht. The success which followed his labours not only in the See also:town of Utrecht, but also in See also:Zwolle, Deventer, See also:Kampen, See also:Amsterdam, See also:Haarlem, See also:Gouda, See also:Leiden, See also:Delft, See also:Zutphen and elsewhere, was immense; according to See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas A. Kempis the See also:people See also:left their business and their meals to hear his sermons, so that the churches could not hold the crowds that flocked together wherever he came. The See also:bishop of Utrecht supported him warmly, and got him to preach against See also:concubinage in the presence of the See also:clergy assembled in See also:synod. The impartiality of his censures, which he directed not only against the prevailing sins of the laity, but also against See also:heresy, See also:simony, avarice, and impurity among the secular and See also:regular clergy, provoked the hostility of the clergy, and accusations of heterodoxy were brought against him. It was in vain that Groot emitted a Publica Protestatio, in which he declared that Jesus See also:Christ was the great subject of his discourses, that in all of them he believed himself to be in See also:harmony with See also:Catholic See also:doctrine, and that he willingly subjected them to the candid See also:judgment of the See also:Roman See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church. The bishop was induced to issue an See also:edict which prohibited from See also:preaching all who were not in See also:priest's orders, and an See also:appeal to See also:Urban VI. was without effect. There is a difficulty as to the date of this See also:prohibition; either it was only a few months before Groot's See also:death, or else it must have been removed by the bishop, for Groot seems to have preached in public in the last See also:year of his life. At some See also:period (perhaps 1381, perhaps earlier) he paid a visit of some days' duration to the famous mystic Johann Ruysbroeck, prior of the Augustinian canons at Groenendael near See also:Brussels; at this visit was formed Groot's attraction for the See also:rule and life of the Augustinian canons which was destined to See also:bear such notable See also:fruit. At the See also:close of his life he was asked by some of the clerics who attached themselves to him to See also:form them into a religious See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order, and Groot resolved that they should be canons regular of St See also:Augustine. No time was lost in the effort to carry out the project, but Groot died before a See also:foundation could be made. In 1387, however, a site was secured at Windesheim, some 20 M. See also:north of Deventer, and here was established the monastery that became the See also:cradle of the Windesheim See also:congregation of canons regular, embracing in course of time nearly one See also:hundred houses, and leading the way in the See also:series of reforms undertaken during the
15th See also:century by all the religious orders in See also:Germany.
End of Article: GROOT, GERHARD (1340—1384)
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