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GUYOT, ARNOLD HENRY (18o7–1884)

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 747 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GUYOT, See also:ARNOLD See also:HENRY (18o7–1884) , ' Swiss-See also:American geologist and geographer, was See also:born at Boudevilliers, near See also:Neuchatel, See also:Switzerland, on the 28th of See also:September 1807. He studied at the See also:college of Neuchatel and in See also:Germany, where he began a lifelong friendship with See also:Louis See also:Agassiz. He was See also:professor of See also:history and See also:physical See also:geography at the See also:short-lived Neuchatel " See also:Academy " from 1839 to 1848, when he removed, at Agassiz's instance, to the See also:United States, settling in See also:Cambridge, See also:Massachusetts. For several years he was a lecturer for the Massachusetts See also:State See also:Board of See also:Education, and he was professor of See also:geology and physical geography at See also:Princeton from 1854 until his See also:death there on the 8th of See also:February 1884. He ranked high as a geologist and meteorologist. As See also:early as 1838, he undertook, at Agassiz's See also:suggestion, the study of glaciers, and was the first to announce, in a See also:paper submitted to the See also:Geological Society of See also:France, certain important observations See also:relating to glacial See also:motion and structure. Among other things he noted the more rapid flow of the centre than of the sides, and the more rapid flow of the See also:top than of the bottom of glaciers; described the laminated or " ribboned " structure of the glacial See also:ice, and ascribed the See also:movement of glaciers to a See also:gradual molecular displacement rather than to a sliding of the ice See also:mass as held by de See also:Saussure. He subsequently collected important data concerning erratic boulders. His extensive meteorological observations in See also:America led to the See also:establishment of the United States See also:Weather See also:Bureau, and his Meteorological and Physical Tables (1852, revised ed. 1884) were See also:long See also:standard. His graded See also:series of See also:text-books and See also:wall-maps were important See also:aids in the See also:extension and popularization of geological study in America. In addition to text-books, his See also:principal publications were: See also:Earth and See also:Man, Lectures on See also:Comparative Physical Geography in its Relation to the History of Mankind (translated by Professor C.

C. See also:

Felton, 1849); A Memoir of Louis Agassiz (1883); and Creation, or the Biblical See also:Cosmogony in the See also:Light of See also:Modern See also:Science (1884). See See also:James D. See also:Dana's " Memoir " in the See also:Biographical See also:Memoirs of the See also:National Academy of Science, vol. ii. (See also:Washington, 1886).

End of Article: GUYOT, ARNOLD HENRY (18o7–1884)

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