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HALBERSTADT

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 830 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HALBERSTADT , a See also:

town of See also:Germany, in the Prussian See also:province of See also:Saxony, 56 m. by See also:rail N.W. of See also:Halle, and 29 S.W. of See also:Magdeburg. It lies in a fertile See also:country to the See also:north of the Harz Mountains, on the Holzemme, at the junction of See also:railways to Halle, See also:Goslar and See also:Thale. Pop. (1905) 45,534• The town has a See also:medieval See also:appearance, many old houses decorated with beautiful See also:wood-See also:carving still surviving. The See also:Gothic See also:cathedral (now See also:Protestant), dating from the 13th and 14th centuries, is remarkable for the majestic impression made by the See also:great height of the interior, with its slender columns and lofty, narrow aisles. The treasure, preserved in the former See also:chapter-See also:house, is See also:rich in reliquaries, See also:vestments and other See also:objects of medieval See also:church See also:art. The beautiful See also:spires, which had become unsafe, were rebuilt in 189o–1895. Among the other churches the only one of See also:special See also:interest is the Liebfrauenkirche (Church of Our See also:Lady). a See also:basilica, with four towers, in the later Romanesque See also:style, dating from the 12th and 13th centuries and restored in 1848, containing old mural frescoes and carved figures. Remarkable among the other old buildings are the town-See also:hall, of the 14th See also:century and restored in the 17th century, with a See also:crypt, and the Petershof, formerly the episcopal See also:palace, but now utilized as See also:law courts and a See also:prison. The See also:principal educational See also:establishment is the gymnasium, with a library of 40,000 volumes. See also:Close to the cathedral lies the house of the poet See also:Gleim (q.v.), since 1899 the See also:property of the See also:municipality and converted into a museum.

It contains a collection of the portraits of the See also:

friends of the poet-See also:scholar and some valuable See also:manuscripts. The principal manufactures of the town are See also:sugar, cigars, See also:paper, gloves, chemical products, See also:beer and machinery. About a mile and a See also:half distant are the Spiegelsberge, from which a See also:fine view of the surrounding country is obtained, and the Klusberge, with pre-historic See also:cave-dwellings cut out in the See also:sandstone rocks. The See also:history of Halberstadt begins with the See also:transfer to it, by See also:Bishop Hildegrim I., in 82o of the see founded by See also:Charlemagne at Seligenstadt. At the end of the loth century the bishops were granted by the emperors the right to exercise temporal See also:jurisdiction over their see, which became one of the most considerable of the ecclesiastical principalities of the See also:Empire. As such it survived the introduction of the See also:Reformation in 1542; but in 1566, on the See also:death of See also:Sigismund of See also:Brandenburg (also See also:archbishop of Madgeburg from 1552 to 1566), the last See also:Catholic bishop, the chapter from motives of See also:economy elected the See also:infant See also:Henry See also:Julius of See also:Brunswick-See also:Luneburg. In 1589 he became See also:duke of Brunswick, and two years later he abolished the Catholic See also:rites in Halberstadt. The see was governed by See also:lay bishops until 1648, when it was formally converted by the treaty of See also:Westphalia into a See also:secular principality for the elector of Brandenburg. By the treaty of See also:Tilsit in 1807 it was annexed to the See also:kingdom of Westphalia, but came again to See also:Prussia on the downfall of See also:Napoleon. The town received a See also:charter from Bishop See also:Arnulf in 998. In 1113 it was burnt by the See also:emperor Henry V., and in 1179 by Henry the See also:Lion. During the See also:Thirty Years' See also:War it was occupied alternately by the Imperialists and the Swedes, the latter of whom handed it over to Brandenburg.

See Lucanus, Der Dom zu Halberstadt (1837), Wegweiser durch Halberstadt (2nd ed., 1866) and See also:

Die Liebfrauenkirche zu Halberstadt (1872); See also:Scheffer, Inschriften and Legenden halbersiadtischer Bauten (1864); See also:Schmidt, Urkundenbuch der Stadt Halberstadt (Halle, 1878); and Zschiesche, Halberstadt, sonst and jetzt (1882).

End of Article: HALBERSTADT

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