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LUNEBURG , a See also:town of See also:Germany, in the Prussian See also:province of See also:Hanover, situated near the See also:foot of a small See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
hill named the Kalkberg, on the navigable See also:Ilmenau, 14 M. above its confluence with the See also:Elbe and 30 M. by See also:rail S.E. of See also:Hamburg by the See also:main See also:line to Hanover. Pop. (1905) 26,751. Numerous handsome See also:medieval buildings testify to its former prosperity as a prominent member of the Hanseatic See also:league, and its many See also:quaint houses with high gables and overhanging See also:eaves have gained for it the appellation " the See also:Nuremberg of the See also:North." Portions of the old walls survive, but the greater See also:part of the former See also:circumvallation has been converted into promenades and gardens, outside which a See also:modern town has sprung up. The finest of its squares are the See also:market-See also:place and the so-called See also:Sand. The churches of St See also:John, with five aisles and a See also:spire 375 ft. in height; of St See also:Michael, containing the tombs of the former princes of Luneburg, and of St See also:Nicolas, with a huge See also:nave and a lofty spire, are See also:fine See also:Gothic edifices of the 14th and 15th centuries. The old town-See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
hall in the market square is a huge See also:pile, dating originally from the 13th See also:century, but with numerous additions. It has an See also:arcade with frescoes, restored by modern See also:Munich artists, and contains a magnificent hall—the Furstensaalrichly decorated with See also:wood-See also:carving and stained-See also:glass windows. Galvanoplastic casts of the famous Luneburg See also:silver See also:plate, consisting of 36 pieces which were acquired in 1874 by the Prussian See also:government for 33,000 and are now housed in the See also:art museum in See also:Berlin, are exhibited here. Among other public edifices are the old See also:palace; the See also:convent of St Michael (now converted into a school and See also:law See also:court), and the Kaufhaus (merchants' hall). There are a museum, a library of 36,000 volumes, classical and commercial See also:schools, and a teachers' See also:seminary. Luneburg owes its importance chiefly to the See also:gypsum and See also:lime quarries of the Kalkberg, which afford the materials for its See also:cement See also:works, and to the productive See also:salt-See also:spring at its See also:base which has been known and used since the loth century. Hence the See also:ancient saying which, grouping with these the commercial facilities afforded by the See also:bridge over the Ilmenau, ascribes the prosperity of Lune-See also:burg to its See also:mons, See also:fens, pons: Other See also:industries are the making of chemicals, ironware, soda and haircloth. There is a considerable See also:trade in See also:French wines, for which Luneburg has for centuries been one of the See also:chief See also:emporia in north Germany, and also in See also:grain and See also:wool. Celebrated are its lampreys, Lune-See also:burger Bricken.
Luneburg existed in the days of See also:Charlemagne, but it did not gain importance until after the erection of a convent and a See also:castle on the Kalkberg in the loth century. After the destruction of See also:Bardowiek, then the chief commercial centre of North Germany, by See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry the See also:Lion, See also:duke of See also:Saxony, in 1189, Lune-burg inherited much of its trade and subsequently became one of the See also:principal towns of the Hanseatic league. Having belonged to the extensive duchy of Saxony it was the See also:capital of the duchy of See also:Brunswick-Luneburg from 1235 to 1369; later it belonged to one or other of the branches of the See also:family of Brunswick, beinginvolved in the quarrels, and giving its name to See also:cadet lines, of this See also:house. From the junior line of Brunswick-Luneburg the reigning family of See also:Great See also:Britain is descended. The re-formed doctrines were introduced into the town in 1530 and it suffered heavily during the See also:Thirty Years' See also:War. It reached the height of its prosperity in the 15th century, and in the 17th century it was the See also:depot for much of the merchandise exported from Saxony and See also:Bavaria to the mouth of the Elbe; then after a See also:period of decay the 19th century witnessed a revival of its prosperity. In 1813 the See also:German war of liberation was begun by an engagement with the French near Luneburg.
See W. F. Volger, Urkundenbuch der Stadt Luneburg (3 vols., Luneburg, 1872—1877) ; E. Bodemann, See also:Die dlteren Zunflurkunden der Stadt Luneburg (Hanover, 1883) ; O. Jiirgens, Geschichte der Stadt Luneburg (Luneburg, 1891) ; See also:Des Propstes See also:Jakob Schomaker Lithe-burger Chronik, edited by T. See also:Meyer (Hanover, 1904) ; A. See also:Wrede, Die Einfithrung der See also:Reformation in Luneburg (See also:Gottingen, 1887), and W. See also:Reinecke, Liineburgs dltestes Stadtbuch and Verfasstungsregsster (Hanover, 1903). For the See also:history of the principality see von Leuthe, Archiv fiir Geschichte and Verfassung des Fiirstentums Luneburg (See also:Celle, 1854-1863).
End of Article: LUNEBURG
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