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HERAULT DE SECHELLES, MARIE JEAN (175...

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 333 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HERAULT DE SECHELLES, See also:MARIE See also:JEAN (1759-1794) , See also:French politician, was See also:born at See also:Paris on the 20th of See also:September 1759, of a See also:noble See also:family connected with those of Contades and See also:Polignac. He made his debut as a lawyer at the See also:Chatelet, and delivered some very successful speeches; later he was avocat See also:general to the See also:parlement of Paris. His legal occupations did not prevent him from devoting himself also to literature, and after 1789 he published an See also:account of a visit he had made to the See also:comte de See also:Buffon at Montbard. Herault's account is marked by a delicate See also:irony, and it has with some See also:justice been called a See also:master-piece of interviewing, before the See also:day of journalists. Herault, who was an ardent See also:champion of the Revolution, took See also:part in the taking of the See also:Bastille, and on the 8th of See also:December 1789 was appointed See also:judge of the See also:court of the first See also:arrondissement in the See also:department of Paris. From the end of See also:January to See also:April 1791 Herault was absent on a See also:mission in See also:Alsace, where he had been sent to restore See also:order. On his return he was appointed commissaire du roi in the court of cassation. He was elected as a See also:deputy for Paris to the Legislative See also:Assembly, where he gravitated more and more towards the extreme See also:left; he was a member of several committees, and, when a member of the See also:diplomatic See also:committee, presented a famous See also:report demanding that the nation should be declared to be in danger (rlth See also:June 1793). After the revolution of the loth of See also:August 1792 (see FRENCH REVOLUTION), he co-operated with See also:Danton, one of the organizers of this rising, and on the 2nd of September was appointed See also:president of the Legislative Assembly. He was a deputy to the See also:National See also:Convention for the department of See also:Seine-et-See also:Oise, and was sent on a mission to organize the new department of Mont See also:Blanc. He was thus absent during the trial of See also:Louis XVI., but he made it known that he approved of the condemnation of the See also:king, and would probably have voted for the See also:death See also:penalty. On his return to Paris, Herault was several times president of the Convention, notably on the 2nd of June 1i93, the occasion of the attack on the Girondins, and on the loth of August 1793, on which the passing of the new constitution was celebrated.

On this occasion Herault, as president of the Convention, had to make several speeches. It was he, moreover, who, on the rejection of the projected constitution See also:

drawn up by See also:Condorcet, was entrusted with the task of preparing a fresh one; this See also:work he performed within a few days, and his See also:plan, which, however, differed very little from that of Condorcet, became the Constitution of 1793, which was passed, but never applied. As a member of the Committee of Public Safety, it was with See also:diplomacy that Herault was chiefly concerned, and from See also:October to December 1793 he was employed on a diplomatic and military mission in Alsace. But this mission helped to make him an See also:object of suspicion to the other members of the Committee of Public Safety, and especially to See also:Robespierre,who as a deist and a fanatical follower of the ideas of See also:Rousseau, hated Herault, the follower of the See also:naturalism of See also:Diderot. He was accused of See also:treason, and after being tried before the revolutionary tribunal, was condemned at the same See also:time as Danton, and executed on the 16th Germinal in the See also:year II. (5th April 1794). - He was handsome, elegant and a See also:lover of See also:pleasure, and was one of the most individual figures of the Revolution. See the Voyage a Montbard, published by A. See also:Aulard (Paris, 189o) ; A. Aulard, See also:Les Orateues de la Legislative et de la Convention, 2nd ed. (Paris, 1906) ; J. See also:Claretie, Camille See also:Desmoulins . etude sur les Dantonistes (Paris, 1875) ; Dr Robinet, Le Proces See also:des Dantonistes (Paris, 1879) ; " Herault de Sechelles, sa premiere mission en Alsace " in the See also:review La Revolution Francaise, tome 22 ; E.

See also:

Daudet, Le See also:Roman d'un conventionnel. Herault de Sechelles et les dames de See also:Bellegarde (1904). His Ufuvres litteraires were edited (Paris, 1907) by E. Dard. (R.

End of Article: HERAULT DE SECHELLES, MARIE JEAN (1759-1794)

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