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See also:OSUNA, PEDRO TELLEZ GIRON , 3rd See also:duke of (1575-1624), See also:Spanish See also:viceroy of See also:Sicily and See also:Naples, was See also:born at Osuna, and baptized on the 18th of See also:January 1575. He was the son of Juan Tellez Giron, the 2nd duke, and of his wife See also:Ana Maria de Velasco, a daughter of the See also:- CONSTABLE (0. Fr. connestable, Fr. connetable, Med. Lat. comestabilis, conestabilis, constabularius, from the Lat. comes stabuli, count of the stable)
- CONSTABLE, ARCHIBALD (1774-1827)
- CONSTABLE, HENRY (1562-1613)
- CONSTABLE, JOHN (1776-1837)
- CONSTABLE, SIR MARMADUKE (c. 1455-1518)
constable of See also:Castile. When a boy he accompanied his grandfather, the 1st duke, to Naples, where he was viceroy. He saw service at the See also:age of fourteen with the troops sent by See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip II. to put down a revolt in See also:Aragon, and was married while still See also:young to Dona Catarina Enriquez de See also:Ribera, a See also:grand-daughter on her See also:mother's See also:side of Hernan See also:Cortes, the conqueror of See also:Mexico. In 1598 he inherited the dukedom. Before and after his See also:marriage he was known for the reckless dissipation of his See also:life. The scandals to which his excesses gave rise led to his imprisonment at Arevalo in 1600. This See also:sharp See also:lesson had a wholesome effect on the duke, and in the same See also:year he See also:left for See also:Flanders, with a See also:body of soldiers raised at his own expense. His See also:appearance in Flanders as a See also:grandee with a following of his own caused some embarrassment to the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king's See also:officers. But Osuna displayed unexpected docility and See also:good sense in the See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field. He was content to serve as a subordinate, and took a full See also:share of See also:work and fighting both by See also:land and See also:sea.
When See also:peace was made with See also:England in 1604 he is said to have visited See also:London. He is said also to have paid a visit to See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland during the See also:armistice arranged to allow of the negotiations for the twelve years' truce of 1609; but, as he was back in See also:Spain by that year, he cannot have seen much of the See also:country. His services had purged his See also:early offences, and he had been decorated with the Goldej Fleece. On the 18th of See also:September 16ro he was named viceroy of Sicily, and he took See also:possession of his See also:post at Melazzo on the 9th of See also:March 1611. In 1616 he was promoted to the viceroyalty of Naples, and held the See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office till he was recalled on the 28th of March 162o. The See also:internal See also:government of Osuna in both provinces was vigorous and just. During his Sicilian viceroyalty he organized a good See also:squadron of galleys with which he freed the See also:coast for a See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time from the raids of the See also:Mahommedan pirates of the See also:Barbary States and the See also:Levant. After his See also:transfer to Naples Osuna continued his energetic See also:wars with the pirates, but he became concerned in some of the most obscure See also:political intrigues of the time. He entered into a policy of unmeasured hostility to See also:Venice, which he openly attacked in the Adriatic. The princes of the Spanish See also:branch of the Habsburgs were at all times anxious to secure safe communication with the- See also:German possessions of their See also:family. Hence their anxiety to dominate all See also:northern See also:Italy and secure possession of the Alpine passes. It would have suited them very well if they could have reduced Venice to the same See also:state of See also:servitude as See also:Genoa. Osuna threw himself into this policy with a whole See also:heart. There can be no reasonable doubt that he was engaged with the Spanish See also:ambassador, and the viceroy of See also:Milan, in the mysterious See also:conspiracy against Venice in 1618. As usual, the Spanish government had miscalculated its resources, and was compelled to draw back. It then found extreme difficulty in controlling its fiery viceroy. Osuna continued to See also:act against Venice in an almost piratical See also:fashion, and treated orders from See also:home with scant respect. Serious fears began to be entertained that he meant to declare himself See also:independent in Naples, and had he tried he could have brought about a revolt which the enfeebled Spanish government could hardly have suppressed. It is, however, unlikely that he had treasonable intentions. He allowed his See also:naval forces to be gradually reduced by drafts, and when superseded returned obediently to See also:Madrid. After his return he was imprisoned on a See also:long See also:string of charges, and largely' at the instigation of the Venetians. No See also:judgment was issued against him, as he died in See also:prison on the 24th of September 1624. The " See also:great duke .of Osuna," as he is always called by the Spaniards, impressed the See also:imagination of his countrymen profoundly as a vigorous, domineering and patriotic -See also:leader of the See also:stamp of the 16th See also:century, and he was no less admired by the Italians. His ability was infinitely See also:superior to that of the See also:ordinary politicians and courtiers of the time, but he was more energetic than really See also:wise, and he was an intolerable- subordinate to the bureaucratic despotism of Madrid.
The Vita di See also:Don Pietro Giron, duce d' Ossuna, vicere di Napoli e di Sicilia of Gregorio Leti (See also:Amsterdam, 1699) is full of irrelevances, and contains much See also:gossip, as well as speeches which are manifestly the invention of the author. But it is founded on good documents, and Leti, an See also:Italian who detested the Spanish See also:rule, knew the state of his own country well. See also Don C. See also:Fernandez Duro, El Gran Duque de Osuna y su Marina (Madrid, 1885), and Documentos ineditos See also:tiara la historic de Espana (Madrid, 1842, &c.), vols. xliv.-xlvii.
End of Article: OSUNA, PEDRO TELLEZ GIRON
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