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RIBBONS

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 284 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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RIBBONS . By this name are designated narrow webs, properly of See also:

silk, not exceeding nine inches in width, used primarily for binding and tying in connexion with See also:dress, but also now applied for innumerable useful, ornamental and symbolical purposes. Along with that of tapes, fringes and other small-wares, the manufacture of ribbons forms a See also:special See also:department of the textile See also:industries. The essential feature of a ribbon See also:loom is the simultaneous See also:weaving in one loom See also:frame of two or more webs, going up to as many as See also:forty narrow fabrics in See also:modern looms. To effect the conjoined throwing of all the shuttles and the various other movements of the loom, the automatic See also:action of the See also:power-loom is necessary; and it is a remarkable fact that the self-acting ribbon loom was known and extensively used more than a See also:century before the famous invention of See also:Cartwright. A loom in which several narrow webs could be See also:woven at one See also:time is mentioned as having been working in Dantzig towards the end of the 16th century. Similar looms were at See also:work in See also:Leiden in 162o, where their use gave rise to so much discontent and rioting on the See also:part of the weavers that the states-See also:general had to prohibit their use. The See also:prohibition was renewed at various intervals throughout the century, and in the same See also:interval the use of the ribbon loom was interdicted in most of the See also:principal See also:industrial centres of See also:Europe. About 1676, under the name of the Dutch loom or See also:engine loom, it was brought to See also:London; and, although its introduction there caused some disturbance, it does not appear to have been prohibited. In 1745, See also:John See also:Kay, the inventor of the See also:fly-See also:shuttle, obtained, conjointly with See also:Joseph Stell, a patent for improvements in the ribbon loom; and since that See also:period it has benefited by the inventions applied to weaving machinery generally. Ribbon-weaving is known to have been established near St See also:Etienne (dep. See also:Loire) so See also:early as the 11th century, and that See also:town has remained the headquarters of the See also:industry.

During the Huguenot troubles, ribbon-weavers from St Etienne settled at See also:

Basel and there established an industry which in modern times has rivalled that of the See also:original seat of the See also:trade. See also:Crefeld is the centre of the See also:German ribbon industry, the manufacture of See also:black See also:velvet ribbon being there a specialty. In See also:England See also:Coventry is the most important seat of ribbon-making, which is also prosecuted at See also:Norwich and See also:Leicester.

End of Article: RIBBONS

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