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TIECK, JOHANN LUDWIG

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Originally appearing in Volume V26, Page 962 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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TIECK, JOHANN See also:LUDWIG {1773-1853), See also:German poet, novelist and critic, was See also:born in See also:Berlin on the 31st of May 1773, his See also:father being a rope-maker. He was educated at the See also:Friedrich-Werdersche Gymnasium, and at the See also:universities of See also:Halle, See also:Gottingen and See also:Erlangen. At Gottingen See also:Shakespeare and the Elizabethan See also:drama were the See also:chief subjects of his study. In 1794 he returned to Berlin, resolved to make a living by his See also:pen. He contributed a number of See also:short stories (1795-1798) to the See also:series of Straussfedern, published by the bookseller C. F. See also:Nicolai and originally edited by J. K. A. See also:Musaus, and wrote Abdallah (1796) and a novel in letters, See also:William See also:Lovell (3 vols. 1795-1796). These See also:works are, how-ever, immature and sensational in See also:tone.

Tieck's transition to romanticism is to be seen in the series of plays and stories published under the See also:

title Volksmdrehen von See also:Peter Lebrechl (3 vols., 1797), a collection which contains the admirable See also:fairy-See also:tale Der blonde Eckbert, and the witty dramatic See also:satire on Berlin See also:literary See also:taste, Der gestiefelie See also:Kater. With his school and See also:college friend W. H. Wackenroder (1773-1798), he planned the novel See also:Franz Sternbalds Wanderungen (vols. i-ii. 1798), which, with Wackenroder's Herzensergiessungen (1798), was the first expression of the romantic See also:enthusiasm for old German See also:art. In 1798 Tieck married and in the following See also:year settled in See also:Jena, where he, the two See also:brothers See also:Schlegel and See also:Novalis were the leaders of the new Romantic school. His writings between 1798 and 1804 include the satirical drama, Prinz Zerbino (1799), and Romantische Dichtungen (2 vols., 1799-1800). The latter contains Tieck's most ambitious dramatic poems, Leben and See also:Tod der heiligen Genoveva, Leben and Tod See also:des klcinen Rotkappchens, which were followed in 1804 by the remarkable " See also:comedy " in two parts, Kaiser Oktavianus. These dramas, in which Tieck's poetic See also:powers are to be seen at their best, are typical plays of the first Romantic school; although formless, and destitute of dramatic qualities, they show the See also:influence of both See also:Calderon and Shakespeare. Kaiser Oktavianus is a poetic glorification of the See also:middle ages. In 18or Tieck went to See also:Dresden, then lived for a See also:time near See also:Frankfort-on-the-See also:Oder, and spent many months in See also:Italy. In 1803 he published a See also:translation of Minnelieder aus der schwdbischen Vorzeit, between 1799 and 1804 an excellent version of See also:Don Quixote, and in 1811 two volumes of Elizabethan dramas, Altenglisches Theater.

In 1812-1817 he collected in three volumes a number of his earlier stories and dramas, under the title Phantasus. In this collection appeared the stories Der Runenberg, See also:

Die See also:Elf en, Der Pokal, and the dramatic fairy tale, Fortunat. In 1817 Tieck visited See also:England in See also:order to collect materials for a See also:work on Shakespeare (unfortunately never finished) and in 1819 he settled permanently in Dresden; from 1825 on he was literary adviser to the See also:Court See also:Theatre, and his semi-public readings from the dramatic poets gave him a reputation which extended far beyond the Saxon See also:capital. The new series of short stories which he began to publish in 1822 also won him a wide popularity. Notable among these are Die Gemalde, Die Reisenden, Die Verlobung. Des Lebens Uberfluss. More ambitious and on a wider See also:canvas are the See also:historical or semi-historical novels, Dichter-'eben (1826), Der Aufruhr in den Cevennen (1826, unfinished), Der Tod des Dichlers (1834); Der junge Tischlermeister (1836; but begun in r8rr) is an excellent See also:story written under the influence of See also:Goethe's Wilhelm Meister; See also:Vittoria Accorombona (1840), in the See also:style of the See also:French Romanticists, shows a falling-off. In later years Tieck carried on a varied literary activity as critic (Dramaturgische Blotter, 2 vols., 1825-1826; Kritische Schriften, 2 vols., 1848); he also edited the translation of Shakespeare by A. W. Schlegel, who was assisted by' Tieck's daughter Dorothea (1799-1841) and by See also:Graf See also:Wolf Heinrich Baudissin(1789-1878); Shakespeares Vorschule (2 vols., 1823-1829); the works of H. von See also:Kleist(1826) and of J. M. R.

See also:

Lenz (1828). In 1841 Friedrich Wilhelm IV. of See also:Prussia invited him to Berlin where he enjoyed a See also:pension for his remaining years. He died on the 28th of See also:April 1853. Tieck's importance See also:lay rather in the readiness with which he adapted himself to the new ideas which arose at the See also:close of the 18th See also:century, than in any conspicuous originality or See also:genius. His importance as an immediate force in German See also:poetry is restricted to his See also:early See also:period. In later years it was as the helpful friend and adviser of others, or as the well-read critic of wide sympathies, that Tieck distinguished himself. Tieck's Schriften appeared in 20 vols. (1828-1846), and his Gesammelte Novellen in 12 (1852–1854). Nachgelassene Schriften were published in 2 vols. in 1855. There are several See also:modern See also:editions of Ausgewahlte Werke by H. Welti (8 vols., 1886-1888) ; by J. See also:Minor (in Kurschner's Deutsche Nationalliteratur, 144, 2 vols., 1885) ; by G.

Klee (with an excellent See also:

biography, 3 vols., 1892), and G. Witkowski (4 vols., 1903). The Elves and The See also:Goblet were translated by See also:Carlyle in German See also:Romance (1827), The Pictures and The See also:Betrothal by See also:Bishop See also:Thirlwall (1825). A translation of Vittoria Accorombona was published in 1845. Tieck"s Letters have not yet been collected, but Briefe an Tieck were published in 4 vols. by K. von Holtci in 1864. See for Tieck's earlier See also:life R. Kopke,Ludwig Tieck (2 vols., 1855) ; for the Dresden period, H. von Friesen, Ludwig Tieck: Erinnerungen (2 vols., 1871); also A. Stern, Ludwig Tieck in Dresden (Zur Literatur der Gegenwart, 1879) ; J. 'Minor, Tieck als Novellendichter (1884); B. See also:Steiner, L. Tieck and die Volksbucher (1893) ; H. Bischof, Tieck als Dromaturg (1897) ; W.

Miessner. Tiecks Lyrik (1902).

End of Article: TIECK, JOHANN LUDWIG

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