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WHITEHAVEN

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 604 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WHITEHAVEN , a municipal and See also:

parliamentary See also:borough, seaport and See also:market See also:town of See also:Cumberland, See also:England, 41 M. S.W. of See also:Carlisle. Pop. (1901) 19,324. It lies mainly in a valley opening upon the Irish See also:Sea, with high ground to See also:north and See also:south, and is served by the See also:London & North-Western, the See also:Cockermouth, See also:Keswick & See also:Penrith and the See also:Furness See also:railways. The See also:harbour is protected by two See also:main piers, of which the western is a See also:fine structure by See also:Sir See also:John See also:Rennie, and divided into four parts by others; it has a wet See also:dock and extensive quayage. See also:Regular passenger communications are maintained with the Isle of See also:Man. The exports are principally See also:coal, See also:pig See also:iron and ore, See also:steel and See also:stone. The See also:port was made subordinate to that of See also:Maryport in 1892. There are collieries near the town, the workings extending beneath the sea; there are also iron mines and See also:works, See also:engineering works, See also:shipbuilding yards, breweries, tanneries, stone quarries, See also:brick and earthenware works, and other See also:industrial establishments in and near the town. The parliamentary borough returns one member. The municipal borough is under a See also:mayor, 6 aldermen and 18 councillors.

See also:

Area 1810 acres. Whitehaven (Witofthaven) was an insignificant See also:possession of the priory of St See also:Bee which became See also:crown See also:property at the See also:dissolution of the religious houses. It was acquired before 1644 by relatives of the See also:earl of See also:Lonsdale, who secured the prosperity of the town by working the coal-mines. From 1708 the harbour was governed by twenty-one trustees, whose See also:power was extended and municipalized by frequent legislation, until, in 1885, they were incorporated. In 1894 this See also:government by incorporated trustees gave See also:place to that of a municipal See also:corporation created by See also:charter in that See also:year. The harbour was entrusted to fifteen commissioners. Since the Reform See also:Act of 1832 Whitehaven has returned one representative to See also:parliament. A weekly market and yearly fairs were granted to Sir John Lowther in 1660; two fairs were held in 1888; and the market days are now Tuesday, See also:Thursday and Saturday. Whitehaven coal was sent chiefly to See also:Ireland in the 18th See also:century. In the first See also:half of the 19th century other exports were See also:lime, freestone, and See also:grain; See also:West See also:Indian, See also:American and Baltic produce, Irish See also:flax and Welsh pig iron were imported, and shipbuilding was a growing See also:industry. See also:Paul See also:Jones, the notorious buccaneer, served his See also:apprenticeship at the port, which in 1778 he successfully raided, burning three vessels.

End of Article: WHITEHAVEN

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WHITEHEAD, WILLIAM (1715-1785)

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