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See also:BALDWIN III ., See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Jerusalem (1143–1162), was the eldest son of See also:Fulk of Jerusalem by his wife Melisinda. He was See also:born in1130, and became king in 1143, under the regency of his See also:mother, which lasted till 1152. He came to the See also:throne at a See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time when the attacks of the Greeks in See also:Cilicia, and of Zengi on See also:Edessa, were fatally weakening the position of the See also:Franks in See also:northern See also:Syria; and from the beginning of his reign the See also:power of the Latin See also:kingdom of Jerusalem may be said to be slowly declining, though as yet there is little outward trace of its decay to be seen. Edessa was lost, however, in the See also:year after Baldwin's See also:accession, and the See also:conquest by Zengi of this farthest and most important outpost in northern Syria was already a serious See also:blow to the kingdom. Upon it in 1147 there followed the second crusade; and in that crusade Baldwin III., now some eighteen years of See also:age, played his See also:part by the See also:side of See also:Conrad III. and See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis VII. He received them in Jerusalem in 1148; with them he planned the attack on See also:Damascus and with them he signally failed in the attack. In 1149, after the failure of the crusade, Baldwin III. appeared in See also:Antioch, where the fall of See also:Raymund, the See also:husband of the princess See also:Constance, made his presence necessary. He regulated affairs in Antioch, and tried to strengthen the See also:north of See also:Palestine generally against the See also:arm of Zengi's successor, Nureddin, by renewing the old and politic See also:alliance with Damascus interrupted since 1147, and by ceding Tellbashir, the one remnant of the See also:county of Edessa, to See also:Manuel of See also:Constantinople. In 1152 came the inevitable struggle between the See also:young king and his mother, who had ruled with See also:wisdom and vigour during the regency and was unwilling to See also:lay down the reins of power. Baldwin originally planned a See also:solemn See also:coronation, as the See also:signal of his emancipation. Dissuaded from that course, he nevertheless wore his See also:crown publicly in the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of the See also:Sepulchre. A struggle followed: in the issue, Baldwin agreed to leave his mother in See also:possession of Jerusalem and Nablus, while he retained See also:Acre and See also:Tyre for himself. But he repented of the bargain; and a new struggle began, in which Baldwin recovered, after some fighting, the possession of his See also:capital. From these See also:internal dissensions Baldwin was now summoned to the north, to regulate anew the affairs of Antioch and also those of See also:Tripoli, where the See also:death of See also:Count Raymund had thrown on his shoulders the cares of a second regency. On his return to Jerusalem he was successful in repelling an attack by an See also:army of Turcomans; and his success encouraged him to See also:attempt the See also:siege of See also:Ascalon in the See also:spring of 1153. He was successful: the " See also:- BRIDE (a common Teutonic word, e.g..Goth. bruths, O. Eng. bryd, O. H. Ger. prs2t, Mod. Ger. Bract, Dut. bruid, possibly derived from the root bru-, cook, brew; from the med. latinized form bruta, in the sense of daughter-in-law, is derived the Fr. bru)
bride of Syria," which had all but become the See also:property of the crusaders in 1099, but had since defied the arms of the Franks for See also:half a See also:century, became part of the kingdom of Jerusalem. From 1156 to 1158 Baldwin was occupied in hostilities with Nureddin. In 1156 he had to submit to a treaty which cut See also:short his territories; in the See also:winter of 1157–1158 he besieged and captured Harim, in the territory once belonging to Antioch: in 1158 he defeated Nureddin himself. In the same year Baldwin married See also:Theodora, a near relative of the See also:East See also:Roman See also:emperor Manuel; while in 1 159 he received a visit from Manuel himself at Antioch. The Latin king rode behind the See also:Greek emperor, without any of the insignia of his dignity, at the entry into Antioch; but their relations were of the friendliest, and Manuel—as See also:great a physician as he was a hunter—personally attended to Baldwin when the king was thrown from his See also:horse in attempting to equal the emperor's feats of See also:horsemanship. In the same year Baldwin had to undertake the regency in Antioch once more, Raynald of See also:Chatillon, the second husband of Constance, being captured in See also:battle. Three years later he died (1162), without male issue, and was succeeded by his See also:brother See also:Amalric I.
Baldwin III. was the first of the See also:kings of Jerusalem who was a native of the See also:soil of Palestine. His three predecessors had all been emigrants from the See also:West. His reign also marks a new departure from another point of view. His predecessors had been men of a type half military, half clerical—at once hard fighters and See also:sound churchmen. Baldwin was a See also:man of a subtler type—a man capable of dealing with the intrigues of a See also:court and with problems of See also:law, and, as such, suited for guiding the See also:middle age of the kingdom, which the different qualities of his predecessors had been equally suited to found. Like his brother, Amalric I., he was a clerkly and studious king versed
in law, and ready to discuss points of See also:dogma. In an excellent See also:sketch of Baldwin's See also:character (xvi. cii.), See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William of Tyre tells us that he spent his spare time in See also:reading and had a particular See also:affection for See also:history; that he was well skilled in the See also:jus consuetudinarium of the kingdom (afterwards recorded by lawyers like See also:John of Ibelin and See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip of See also:Novara as " the assizes of Jerusalem "); and that he had the royal See also:faculty for remembering faces, and could generally be trusted to address by name anybody whom he had once met, so that he was more popular with high and See also:low than any of his predecessors. He had, William also reports, a See also:gift of See also:impromptu eloquence, and a faculty both for saying witty things pleasantly at other See also:people's expense and for listening placidly to witticisms directed against himself; while he was generous to excess without needing to make ex-actions in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order to support his generosity, and always respected the Church.
End of Article: BALDWIN III
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