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See also:BAMBURGH, or BAMBOROUGH , a See also:village in the See also:Berwick-upon-See also:Tweed See also:parliamentary See also:division of See also:Northumberland, See also:England, on the See also:sea-See also:coast, 22 M. E. of Belford station on the See also:North Eastern railway, and 54 M. N. of See also:Newcastle. It was a royal See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough previous to the See also:Norman See also:Conquest and returned two members to See also:parliament in the reign of See also:Edward I. Its See also:ancient See also:castle occupies a magnificent position See also:close to the sea on an almost perpendicular See also:rock, 150 ft. in height, accessible only on the See also:south-See also:east See also:side.
The first erection is ascribed by the Saxon See also:chronicles to See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King See also:Ida of Northumberland. The castle buildings are of various See also:dates from the Norman See also:period and are of See also:great strength and dignity. They include a massive keep and the remains of an apsidal See also:chapel dedicated to St See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter. In the village, the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church is dedicated to St See also:Aidan, who was See also:bishop of Lindisfarne or See also:Holy See also:Island, which lies off the coast to the north, about 634. It is a See also:fine cruciform See also:building, mainly of See also:Early See also:English date, with a See also:crypt beneath the e.hancel. In the See also:churchyard is a See also:monument to See also:- GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
- GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )
Grace See also:Darling (1815-1842), the brave rescuer of some of the See also:- CREW (sometimes explained as a sea term of Scandinavian origin, cf. O. Icel. kris, a swarm or crowd, but now regarded as a shortened form of accrue, accrewe, used in the 16th century in the sense of a reinforcement, O. Fr. acreue, from accrofire, to grow,
- CREW, NATHANIEL CREW, 3RD BARON (1633–1721)
crew of the See also:ship " See also:Forfarshire " in 1838. The Longstone Lighthouse, where her See also:father was keeper, stands on an See also:outer rock of the Farne Islands, which stretch north-eastward for 6 m. from the coast at Bamburgh.
The See also:town of Bamburgh (Bebbanburgh) sprang up See also:round the ancient castle. During the struggle for the See also:crown between See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William See also:Rufus and See also:Robert of See also:Normandy, Bamburgh was besieged by William, who, finding the See also:defence too strong, erected and garrisoned a new castle before Bamburgh called
" Malveisin " or " Evil See also:neighbour." See also:Earl Robert of Northumberland, who was in command of Bamburgh, having been defeated in a sally, the castle surrendered to William in See also:November 1095. The first mention of Bamburgh as a borough does not occur until 1169, when the men paid 22 marks to an aid. See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry III. by See also:charter of 1254—1255 granted the burgesses their town at an See also:annual See also:fee See also:farm See also:rent of 26 marks, of which they were acquitted in 1318 and 1327 " on See also:account of the robberies and fires inflicted on them by the Scots." Edward III. in 1332 confirmed the charter of Henry III., and granted further that the town should be a See also:free borough governed by four bailiffs, that it should be enclosed by a See also:wall and that the burgesses should have a gild See also:merchant. He also altered the See also:market-See also:day from See also:Sunday to Wednesday, and gave See also:licence for the fairs, which had been held " from See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time immemorial " on the feasts of SS. See also:Oswald and Aidan, to continue for three extra days. During the Scottish See also:wars of the reign of Henry V., Bamburgh again suffered severely, so much so that in 1439 the burgesses had decreased in number from 120 to 13. These again petitioned for a remission of their farm, which in 1446 was reduced to Do yearly. Bamburgh was twice taken by the Yorkists in the Wars of the See also:Roses and twice recovered by See also:Queen See also:Margaret. In 1463, after it had been recovered a second time by the queen, Henry VI. stayed there for a See also:year, but after the See also:battle of See also:Hexham it was again taken by the Yorkists, and the castle and town were then so much injured that from that time there is no mention of the burgesses or their privileges. Bamburgh returned two members to parliament in 1295 and again in Edward III.'s reign, but since then has never been represented. In 1384 See also:Lord See also:Neville received licence to dig for sea-See also:coal in Bamburgh, and mines of coal and See also:lead existed there as See also:late as 1681.
End of Article: BAMBURGH, or BAMBOROUGH
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