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BELZONI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA (1778–1823)

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 713 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BELZONI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA (1778–1823) , See also:Italian explorer of See also:Egyptian antiquities, was See also:born at See also:Padua in 1778. His See also:family was from See also:Rome, and in that See also:city he spent his youth. He intended taking monastic orders, but in 1798 the occupation of the city by the See also:French troops drove him from Rome and changed his proposed career. He went back to Padua, where he studied See also:hydraulics, removed in 1800 to See also:Holland, and in 1803 went to See also:England, where he married an Englishwoman. He was 6 ft. 7 in. in height, broad in proportion, and his wife was of equally generous build. They were for some See also:time compelled to find subsistence by exhibitions of feats of strength and agility at fairs and on the streets of See also:London. Through the kindness of See also:Henry See also:Salt, the traveller and antiquarian, who was ever afterwards his See also:patron, he was engaged at See also:Astley's See also:amphitheatre, and his circumstances soon began to improve. In 1812 he See also:left England, and after travelling in See also:Spain and See also:Portugal reached See also:Egypt in 1815, where Salt was then See also:British See also:consul-See also:general. Belzoni was desirous of laying before Mehemet See also:Ali a See also:hydraulic See also:machine of his own invention for raising the See also:waters of the See also:Nile. Though the experiment with this See also:engine was successful, the See also:design was abandoned by the See also:pasha, and Belzoni resolved to continue his travels. On the recommendation of the orientalist, J.

L. See also:

Burckhardt, he was sent at Salt's charges to See also:Thebes, whence he removed with See also:great skill the See also:colossal bust of See also:Rameses II., commonly called See also:Young See also:Memnon, which he shipped for England, where it is in the British Museum. He also pushed his investigations into the great See also:temple of See also:Edfu, visited Elephantine and See also:Philae, cleared the great temple at See also:Abu Simbel of See also:sand (1817), made excavations at See also:Karnak, and opened up the See also:sepulchre of Seti I. (" Belzoni's See also:Tomb "). He was the first to penetrate into the second See also:pyramid of Giza, and the first See also:European in See also:modern times to visit the See also:oasis of Baharia, which he supposed to be that of See also:Siwa. He also identified the ruins of See also:Berenice on the Red See also:Sea. In 1819 he returned to England, and published in the following See also:year an See also:account of his travels and discoveries entitled Narrative of the Operations and See also:Recent Discoveries within the Pyramids, Temples, Tombs and Excavations in Egypt and See also:Nubia, &'c. He also exhibited during 1820–1821 facsimiles of the tomb of Seti I. The See also:exhibition was held at the Egyptian See also:Hall, Piccadilly, London. In 1822 Belzoni showed his See also:model in See also:Paris. In 1823 he set out for See also:West See also:Africa, intending to penetrate to See also:Timbuktu. Having been refused permission to pass through See also:Morocco, he See also:chose the See also:Guinea See also:Coast route.

He reached See also:

Benin, but was seized with See also:dysentery at a See also:village called Gwato, and died there on the 3rd of See also:December 1823. In 1829 his widow published his drawings of the royal tombs at Thebes.

End of Article: BELZONI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA (1778–1823)

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