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CONGE

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 913 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CONGE D'ELIRE (in See also:

Norman See also:French, conge d'eslire, leave to elect), a See also:licence from the See also:crown in See also:England issued under the See also:great See also:seal to the See also:dean and See also:chapter of the See also:cathedral See also:church of the See also:diocese, authorizing them to elect a See also:bishop or See also:archbishop, as the See also:case may be, upon the vacancy of any episcopal or archiepiscopal see in England or in See also:Wales. According to the See also:Chronicle of Ingulphus, See also:abbot of See also:Crowland, who wrote in the reign of See also:William the Conqueror, the bishoprics in England had been, for many years See also:prior to the Norman See also:Conquest, royal donatives conferred by delivery of the See also:ring and of the See also:pastoral See also:staff. Disputes arose for the first See also:time between the crown of England and the see of See also:Rome in the reign of William See also:Rufus, the See also:pope claiming to dispose of the See also:English bishoprics; and ultimately See also:King See also:John, by his See also:charter Ut liberae sent elections totius Angliae (1214), granted that the bishops should be elected freely by the deans and chapters of the cathedral churches, provided the royal permission was first asked, and the royal assent was required after the See also:election. This arrangement was confirmed by subsequent statutes passed in the reigns of See also:Edward I. and Edward III. respectively, and the practice was ultimately settled in its See also:present See also:form by the See also:statute See also:Payment of See also:Annates, &c., 1534. According to the provisions of this statute, upon the avoidance of any episcopal see, the dean and chapter of the cathedral church are to certify the vacancy of the see to the crown, and to pray that they may be allowed to proceed to a new election. The crown thereupon grants to the dean and chapter its licence under the great seal to elect a new bishop, accompanied by a See also:letter missive containing the name of the See also:person whom the dean and chapter are to elect. The dean and chapter are thereupon See also:bound to elect the person so named by the crown within twelve days, in See also:default of which the crown is empowered by the statute to nominate by letters patent such person as it may think See also:fit, to the vacant bishopric. Upon the return of the election of the new bishop, the See also:metropolitan is required by the crown to examine and to confirm the election, and the metropolitan's See also:confirmation gives to the election its canonical completeness. In case of a vacancy in a metropolitical see, an episcopal See also:commission is appointed by the guardians of the spiritualities of the vacant see to confirm the election of the new metropolitan. At one time deans of the " old See also:foundation "—in contradistinction to those of the " new foundation," founded by See also:Henry VIII. out of the spoils of the dissolved monasteries—were elected by the chapter on a conge d'elire from the crown, but now all deans are installed by letters-patent from the crown.

End of Article: CONGE

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CONFUCIUS [K'ung tsze] (550 or 551-478 B.C.)
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