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HAZARA

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 117 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HAZARA , a See also:

district of See also:British See also:India, in the See also:Peshawar See also:division of the See also:North-See also:West Frontier See also:Province, with an See also:area of 3391 sq. m. It is bounded on the N. by the See also:Black See also:Mountain, the See also:Swat See also:country, See also:Kohistan and See also:Chilas; on the E. by the native See also:state of See also:Kashmir; on the S. by See also:Rawalpindi district; and on the W. by the See also:river See also:Indus. On the creation of the North-West Frontier Province in 19o1 the district was reconstituted,theTahsilof See also:Attock being transferred toRawalpindi. The district forms a See also:wedge of territory extending far into the See also:heart of the See also:outer Himalayas, and consisting of a See also:long narrow valley, shut in on both sides by lofty mountains, whose peaks rise to a height of 17,000 ft. above See also:sea level. Towards the centre of the district the vale of Kagan is bounded by mountain chains, which sweep southward still maintaining a See also:general parallel direction, and send off spurs on every See also:side which See also:divide the country into numerous See also:minor dales. The district is well watered by the tributaries of the Indus, the Kunhar, which flows through the Kagan Valley into the See also:Jhelum, and many rivulets. Throughout the scenery is picturesque. To the north rise the distant peaks of the See also:snow-clad ranges; midway, the central mountains stand clothed to their rounded summits with pines and other See also:forest trees, while grass and brushwood spread a See also:green cloak over the nearer hills, and cultivation covers every available slope. The See also:chief frontier tribes on the border are the cis-Indus Swatis, Hassanzais, Akazais, Chagarzais, Pariari Syads, Madda Khels, Amazais and Umarzais. Within the district I'athans are not numerous. The name Hazara possibly belonged originally to a See also:Turki See also:family which entered India with Timur in the 14th See also:century, and subsequently settled in this remote region. During the prosperous See also:period of the See also:Mogul See also:dynasty the See also:population included a number of mixed tribes, which each began to assert its See also:independence, so that the utmost anarchy prevailed until Hazara attracted the See also:attention of the rising See also:Sikh See also:monarchy.

Ranjit Singh first obtained a footing here in 1818, and, after eight years of See also:

constant aggression, became See also:master of the whole country. During the minority of the See also:young maharaja Dhuleep Singh, the Sikh See also:kingdom See also:fell into a state of See also:complete disorganization; the See also:people seized the opportunity for recovering their independence, and See also:rose in 1845 in See also:rebellion. They stormed the Sikh forts, laid See also:siege to Haripur, and drove the See also:governor across the See also:borders. After the first Sikh See also:War it was proposed to See also:transfer Hazara with Kashmir to Gulab Singh, but it remained under the See also:Lahore See also:government in See also:charge of See also:James See also:Abbott, who pacified it in less than a See also:year and held it single-handed throughout the troubles of the second Sikh War. It was also undisturbed during the See also:Mutiny. The population in 1901 was 56o, 288, showing an increase of 8.52% in the See also:decade. The headquarters are at Abbotabad; pop. (1901) 7764. Through the Kagan valley and over the Babusar pass at its See also:head lies the most See also:direct route from the See also:Punjab to Chilas and See also:Gilgit.

End of Article: HAZARA

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