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HUFELAND, GOTTLIEB (1760-1817)

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 856 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HUFELAND, GOTTLIEB (1760-1817) , See also:German economist and jurist, was See also:born at Dantzig on the 19th of See also:October 1760. He was educated at the gymnasium of his native See also:town, and completed his university studies at See also:Leipzig and See also:Gottingen. He graduated at See also:Jena, and in 1788 was there appointed to an extraordinary professorship. Five years later he was made See also:ordinary See also:professor. His lectures on natural See also:law, in which he See also:developed with See also:great acuteness and skill the formal principles of the Kantian theory of legislation, attracted a large See also:audience, and contributed to raise to its height the fame of the university of Jena, then unusually See also:rich in able teachers. In 1803, after the See also:secession of many of his colleagues from Jena, Hufeland accepted a See also:call to See also:Wurzburg, from which, after but a brief See also:tenure of a professorial See also:chair, he proceeded to See also:Landshut. From 18o8 to 1812 he acted as burgomaster in his native town of Dantzig. Returning to Landshut, he lived there till 1816, when he was invited to See also:Halle, where he died on the 25th of See also:February 1817. Hufeland's See also:works on the theory of legislation—Versuch fiber den Grundsatz Naturrechts (1785); Lehrbuch See also:des Naturrechts (1,790); Institutionen des gesammten positiven Rechts (1798) ; and Lehrbuch der Geschichte and Encyclopadie aller in Deutschland geltenden positiven Rechte (1790), are distinguished by precision of statement and clearness of See also:deduction. They See also:form on the whole the best commentary upon See also:Kant's Rechtslehre, the principles of which they carry out in detail, and apply to the discussion of See also:positive See also:laws. In See also:political See also:economy Hufeland's See also:chief See also:work is the Neue Grundlegung der Staatszoirthschaftskunst (2 vols., 1807 and 1813), the second See also:volume of which has the See also:special See also:title, Lehre vom Gelde and Geldumlaufe. The principles of this work are for the most See also:part those of See also:Adam See also:Smith's See also:Wealth of Nations, which were then beginning to he accepted and developed in See also:Germany; but both in his treatment of fundamental notions, such as economic See also:good and value, and in details, such as the theory of See also:money, Hufeland's treatment has a certain originality.

Two points in particular seem deserving of See also:

notice. ,Hufeland was the first among German economists to point out the profit of the entrepreneur as a distinct See also:species of See also:revenue with laws See also:peculiar to itself. He also tends towards, though he does not explicitly See also:state, the view that See also:rent is a See also:general See also:term applicable to all payments resulting from See also:differences of degree among productive forces of the same See also:order. Thus the See also:superior gain of a specially gifted workman or specially skilled employer is in See also:time assimilated to the See also:payment for a natural agency ofkmore than the minimum efficiency. See See also:Roscher, Geschichte der Nationalukonotnik in Deutschland, 654 662.

End of Article: HUFELAND, GOTTLIEB (1760-1817)

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