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KAZINCZY, FERENCZ (1759-1831)

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 705 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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KAZINCZY, FERENCZ (1759-1831) , Hungarian author, the most indefatigable See also:agent in the regeneration of the Magyar See also:language and literature at the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th See also:century, was See also:born on the 27th of See also:October 1759, at Er-Semlyen, in the See also:county of Bihar, See also:Hungary. He studied See also:law at Kassa and Eperies, and in Pest, where he also obtained a thorough knowledge of See also:French and See also:German literature, and made the acquaintance of See also:Gideon Raday, who allowed him the use of his library. In 1784 Kazinczy became subnotary for the county of Abaf1j; and in 1786 he was nominated inspector of See also:schools at Kassa. There he began to devote himself to the restoration of the Magyar language and literature by See also:translations from classical See also:foreign See also:works, and by the See also:augmentation of the native vocabulary from See also:ancient Magyar See also:sources. In 1788, with the assistance of Bar6ti Szabo and See also:John See also:Bacsanyi, he started at Kassa the first Magyar See also:literary See also:magazine, Magyar Muzeum; the See also:Orpheus, which succeeded it in 1790, was his own creation. Although, upon the See also:accession of See also:Leopold II., Kazinczy, as a non-See also:Catholic, was obliged to resign his See also:post at Kassa, his literary activity in no way decreased. He not only assisted Gideon Raday in the See also:establishment and direction of the first Magyar dramatic society, but enriched the repertoire with several translations from foreign authors. His See also:Hamlet, which first appeared at Kassa in 1790, is a rendering from the German version of See also:Schroder. Implicated in the democratic See also:conspiracy of the See also:abbot Martinovics, Kazinczy was arrested on the 14th of See also:December 1794, and condemned to See also:death; but the See also:sentence was commuted to imprisonment. He was released in 1801, and shortly afterwards married See also:Sophia Torok, daughter of his former See also:patron, and retired to his small See also:estate at Szephalom or " Fairhill," near Sctor-Ujhely, in the county of Zemplen. In 1828 he took an active See also:part in the conferences held for the establishment of the Hungarian See also:academy in the See also:historical See also:section of which he became the first corresponding member. He died of See also:Asiatic See also:cholera, at Szephalom, on the 22nd of See also:August 1831.

Kazinczy, although possessing See also:

great beauty of See also:style, cannot be regarded as a powerful and See also:original thinker; his fame is chiefly due to the felicity of his translations from the masterpieces of See also:Lessing, See also:Goethe, See also:Wieland, See also:Klopstock, See also:Ossian, La Rochefoucauld, See also:Marmontel, See also:Moliere, See also:Metastasio, See also:Shakespeare, See also:Sterne, See also:Cicero, See also:Sallust, See also:Anacreon, and many others. He also edited the works of Baroczy (Pest, 1812, 8 vols.) and of the poet See also:Zrinyi (1817, 2 vols.), and the poems of Dayka (1813, 3 vols.) and of John Kis, (1815, 3 vols.). A collective edition of his works (Szep Literatura), consisting for the most part of translations, was published at Pest, 1814-1816, in 9 vols. His original productions (Eredeti Mukdi), largely made up of letters, were edited by See also:Joseph See also:Bajza and See also:Francis Toldy at Pest, 1836-1845, in 5 vols. See also:Editions of his poems appeared in 1858 and in 1863.

End of Article: KAZINCZY, FERENCZ (1759-1831)

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