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See also:SOPHIA (1630-1714) , electress of See also:Hanover, twelfth See also:child of See also:Frederick V., elector See also:palatine of the See also:Rhine, by his wife See also:Elizabeth, a daughter of the See also:English See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James I., was See also:born at the See also:Hague on the 14th of See also:October 163o. Residing after 1649 at See also:Heidelberg with her See also:brother, the restored elector palatine, See also:Charles See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis, she was betrothed to See also:George See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William afterwards See also:duke of See also:Luneburg-See also:Celle; but in 1658 she married his younger brother, Ernest See also:Augustus, who became elector of See also:Brunswick-Luneburg, or Hanover, in 1692. Her married See also:life was not a happy one. Her See also:husband was unfaithful; three of her six sons See also:fell in See also:battle; and other See also:family troubles included an abiding hostility between her and Sophia Dorothea, the wife of her eldest son, George Louis. Sophia became a widow in 1698, but before then her name had been mentioned in connexion with the English See also:throne. When considering the See also:Bill of Rights in 1689 the See also:House of See also:Commons refused to See also:place her in the See also:succession, and the See also:matter rested until 1700 when the See also:state of affairs in See also:England was more serious. William III. was See also:ill and childless; William, duke of See also:Gloucester, the only surviving child of the princess See also:Anne, had just died. The strong See also:Protestant feeling in the See also:country, the danger from the Stuarts, and the hostility of See also:France, made it imperative to exclude all See also:Roman Catholics from the throne; and the electress was the nearest See also:heir who was a Protestant. Accordingly by the See also:Act of See also:Settlement of 1701 the English See also:Crown, in See also:default of issue from either William or Anne, was settled upon " the most excellent princess Sophia, electress and duchess-See also:dowager of Hanover " and " the heirs of her See also:body, being Protestant." Sophia watched affairs in England during the reign of Anne with See also:great See also:interest, although her son, the elector George Louis, objected to any interference in that country, and Anne disliked all mention of her successor. An angry See also:letter from Anne possibly hastened Sophia's See also:death, which took place at Herrenhausen on the 8th of See also:June 1714; less than two months later her son, George Louis, became king of Great See also:Britain and See also:Ireland as George I. on the death of Anne. Sophia, who corresponded with See also:Leibnitz, was a strong woman both mentally and physically, and possessed wide and cultured tastes.
See Memoiren der Kurfiirstin Sophie von Hannover, edited by A. Kocher (See also:Leipzig, 1879; Eng. trans., 1888); Briefwechsel der Herzogin Sophie von Hannover mit ihrem Bruder, &c., edited by E. Bodemann (Leipzig, 1885 and 1888) ; L. von See also:Ranke, Aus den Briefen der Herzogin von See also:- ORLEANS
- ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
- ORLEANS, DUKES OF
- ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
- ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
- ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
- ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
- ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
- ORLEANS, PHILIP I
- ORLEANS, PHILIP II
Orleans, Elisabeth See also:Charlotte, an See also:die Kurfiirstin Sophie von Hannover (Leipzig, 187o) ; E. Bodemann, Aus den Briefen der Herzogin, Elisabeth Charlotte von Orleans, an die Kurfiirstin Sophie von Hannover (Hanover, 1891); R. Fester, Kurfiirstin Sophie von Hannover (See also:Hamburg, 1893) ; A. W. See also:- WARD
- WARD, ADOLPHUS WILLIAM (1837- )
- WARD, ARTEMUS
- WARD, EDWARD MATTHEW (1816-1879)
- WARD, ELIZABETH STUART PHELPS (1844-1911)
- WARD, JAMES (1769--1859)
- WARD, JAMES (1843– )
- WARD, JOHN QUINCY ADAMS (1830-1910)
- WARD, LESTER FRANK (1841– )
- WARD, MARY AUGUSTA [MRS HUMPHRY WARD]
- WARD, WILLIAM (1766-1826)
- WARD, WILLIAM GEORGE (1812-1882)
Ward, The Electress Sophia and the Hanoverian Succession (See also:London, 1909) ; O. See also:Klopp, Der Fall See also:des Houses See also:Stuart (See also:Vienna, 1875—1888) ; Correspondance de Leibnitz avec l'electrice Sophie, edited by O. Klopp (Hanover, 1864—1875) ; and R. S. Rait, Five Stuart Princesses (London, 1902).
End of Article: SOPHIA (1630-1714)
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