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MIFFLIN, THOMAS (1744–1800)

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 426 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MIFFLIN, See also:THOMAS (1744–1800) , See also:American soldier and politician, was See also:born in See also:Philadelphia, See also:Pennsylvania, on the loth of See also:January 1744, of Quaker parentage. He graduated at the See also:college of Philadelphia (now the university of Pennsylvania) in 176o. As a member of the Pennsylvania See also:house of representatives in 1772–1775, he was an ardent Whig, and in 1774 was a member of the first See also:Continental See also:Congress. After the outbreak of the See also:War of See also:Independence he devoted himself chiefly to the enlisting and drilling of troops, and was chosen See also:major of a See also:regiment. In See also:June 1775 he entered the continental service as See also:Washington's first aide-de-See also:camp, and in See also:August was chosen quartermaster-See also:general. He became a brigadier-general in May 1776 and a major-general in See also:February 1777. On the 5th of June 1776 he was succeeded as quartermaster-general by See also:Stephen Moylan. Moylan, however, proved incompetent, and Mifflin resumed the See also:office on the 1st of See also:October. In the autumn of 1777 Mifflin was a See also:leader in the obscure See also:movement known as the See also:Conway See also:Cabal, the See also:object of which was to replace Washington by General Horatio See also:Gates. On the ground of See also:ill See also:health Mifflin tendered his resignation on the 8th of October, and on the 7th of See also:November Congress accepted his resignation as quartermaster-general, but continued him in See also:rank as major-general without pay. On the same See also:day he was appointed a member of the new See also:board of war, and on the following day was asked to continue as quartermaster-general until his successor should be appointed. On the 21st of November he urged before the old board of war and See also:ordnance that Gates should be made See also:president of the new board of war " from a conviction that his military skill would suggest reformations in the different departments of the See also:army essential to See also:good discipline, See also:order and See also:economy, and that his See also:character and popularity in the army would facilitate the See also:execution of such reformations when adopted by Congress." The attacks on Washington failed, and in See also:March 1778 Mifflin was finally superseded as quartermaster-general by General See also:Nathanael See also:Greene.

In October of the same See also:

year he was removed from the board of war. The sufferings of the troops at Valley Forge having been charged to his mismanagement as See also:quarter- See also:master-general, Congress, in June 1778, ordered an investigation; but before this inquiry had proceeded far, Congress granted him $r,000,000 to See also:settle all claims against the office during his See also:administration. In February 1779 he resigned his See also:commission as major-general. During the war his eloquence was repeatedly of assistance to Congress in recruiting soldiers. He was a delegate in Congress in 1782–1784, and from November 1783 to November 1784 was president, in which office he received Washington's resignation of the command of the army and made a congratulatory address. In 1785–1788 he was See also:speaker of the Pennsylvania general See also:assembly (then consisting of only one house) ; he was a member of the Federal Constitutional See also:Convention of 1787, and president of the See also:state supreme executive See also:council (or See also:chief executive officer of the state) in 1788–1790. He was president of the Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention of 1789–1790; was the first See also:governor of the state, from 1790 to 1799, after the See also:adoption of the new state constitution; and during the See also:Whisky Insurrection assumed See also:personal command of the Pennsylvania See also:militia. Towards the See also:close of his last See also:term as governor he was elected a member of the state assembly, but died during the first session, at See also:Lancaster, on the loth of January 1800. See See also:William Rawle, " See also:Sketch of the See also:Life of Thomas Mifflin," in See also:Memoirs of the See also:Historical Society of Pennsylvania (vol. 2, See also:part 2, Philadelphia, 1830) ; and J. H. See also:Merrill, Memoranda See also:relating to the Mifflin See also:Family (Philadelphia, 189o).

End of Article: MIFFLIN, THOMAS (1744–1800)

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