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WILLIAM III

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 670 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WILLIAM III . (1817-189o), See also:king of the See also:Netherlands, son of William II., was See also:born at See also:Brussels on the 19th of See also:February 1817. He married in 1839 See also:Sophia, daughter of William I., king of See also:Wurttemberg. Sophia was an accomplished woman of high intelligence, but unfortunately the relations between the royal pair were far from cordial and finally ended in See also:complete disagreement, and the See also:breach between them continued until the See also:death of the See also:queen in 1877. The private See also:life of the king in fact gave rise to much See also:scandal; nevertheless he was an excellent constitutional monarch, and, though he never sought to win popular favour, succeeded in winning and retaining in a remark-able degree his See also:people's affectionate See also:loyalty. He had no sympathy with See also:political liberalism, but throughout his See also:long reign of See also:forty-two years, with a See also:constant interchange of ministries and many ministerial crises, he never had a serious conflict with the states-See also:general, and his ministers could always See also:count upon his See also:fair-mindedness and an See also:earnest See also:desire to help them to further the See also:national welfare. He was economical, and gave up a third of his See also:civil See also:list in See also:order to help forward the task of establishing an See also:equilibrium in the See also:annual See also:budget, and he was always ready from his large private See also:fortune to help forward all schemes for the social or See also:industrial progress of the See also:country. It was largely due to his prudent See also:diplomacy that See also:Holland passed pacifically through the difficult See also:period of the See also:Luxemburg See also:settlement in x866 and the Franco-See also:German See also:War of 1870. William III. had two sons by his See also:marriage with Sophia of Wurttemberg, William (1841-1879), and See also:Alexander (1843-1884). Both of them died unmarried. The decease of See also:Prince Alexander See also:left the See also:house of See also:Orange without a See also:direct See also:heir male, but the prospect of a disputed See also:succession had fortunately been averted by the marriage of the king in 1879 with the princess Emma of Waldeck-Pyrmont. From this See also:union a daughter, See also:Wilhelmina, was born in 1880.

On her See also:

father's death at the See also:Loo, on the 23rd of See also:November 189o, she succeeded as queen of the Nether-lands under the regency of her See also:mother. William was See also:grand See also:duke of Luxemburg by a See also:personal See also:title, and his death severed the dynastic relation between the See also:kingdom of the Netherlands and the grand duchy. The See also:sovereignty of the Luxemburg duchy passed to the next heir male of the house of See also:Nassau, See also:Adolphus, ex-duke of Nassau. See J. A. Bruijne, Geschiedenis See also:van Nederland in onzen tijd. (5 vols., See also:Schiedam, 1889–1906); P. Blok, Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche See also:Volk (See also:Leiden, 1908), vol. viii.; and G. L. Keppers, De regeering van Koning Willem III. (See also:Groningen, 1887). (G.

End of Article: WILLIAM III

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