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ABERNETHY, JOHN (1680-,74o)

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Originally appearing in Volume V01, Page 53 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ABERNETHY, See also:JOHN (1680-,74o) , Irish Presbyterian divine, was See also:born at See also:Coleraine, See also:county See also:Londonderry, where his See also:father was See also:Nonconformist See also:minister, on the 19th of See also:October 1680. In his thirteenth See also:year he entered the university of See also:Glasgow, and on concluding his course there went on to See also:Edinburgh, where hisintellectual and social attainments gained him; a ready entrance into the most cultured circles. Returning See also:home he received See also:licence to preach from his See also:Presbytery before he was twenty-one. In 1701 he was urgently invited to accept See also:charge of an important See also:congregation in See also:Antrim; and after an See also:interval of two years, mostly spent in further study in See also:Dublin, he was ordained there on the 8th of See also:August 1703. Here he did notable See also:work, both as a debater in the synods and assemblies of his See also:church and as an evangelist. In 1712 he lost his wife (Susannah See also:Jordan), and the loss desolated his See also:life for many years. In 1717 he was invited to the congregation of See also:Usher's See also:Quay, Dublin, and contemporaneously to what was called the Old Congregation of See also:Belfast. The See also:synod assigned him to Dublin. After careful See also:consideration he declined to accede, and remained at Antrim. This. refusal was regarded then as ecclesiastical high-See also:treason; and a controversy of the most intense and disproportionate See also:character followed, Abernethy See also:standing See also:firm for religious freedom and repudiating the sacerdotal assumptions of all ecclesiastical courts. The controversy and See also:quarrel bears the name of the two camps in the conflict, the "Subscribers " and the Non-subscribers.". Out-and-out evangelical as John Abernethy was, there can be no question that he and his associates sowed the seeds of that after-struggle (1821-184o) in which, under the leadership of Dr See also:Henry See also:Cooke, the Arian and Socinian elements of the Irish Presbyterian Church were thrown out.

Much of what he contended for, and which the " Subscribers " opposed bitterly, has been silently granted in the See also:

lapse of See also:time. In 1726 the " Non-subscribers," spite of an almost wofully pathetic See also:pleading against separation by Abernethy, were cut off, with due See also:ban and solemnity, from the Irish Presbyterian Church. In 1730, although a "Non-subscriber," he was invited to See also:Wood See also:Street, Dublin, whither he removed. In 1731 came on the greatest controversy in which Abernethy engaged, viz. in relation to the Test See also:Act nominally, but practically on the entire question of tests and disabilities. His stand was " against all See also:laws that, upon See also:account of See also:mere See also:differences of religious opinions and forms of See also:worship, excluded men of integrity and ability from serving their See also:country." He was nearly a, See also:century in advance of his See also:age. He had to See also:reason with those who denied that a See also:Roman See also:Catholic or See also:Dissenter could be a " See also:man of integrity and ability." His Tracts—afterwards collected=did fresh service, generations later, and his name is honoured by all who See also:loire freedom of See also:conscience and See also:opinion. He died in See also:December 1740. See Dr Duchal's Life, prefixed to Sermons (1762) ; See also:Diary in MS., 6 vols. 4to; See also:Reid's Presbyterian Church in See also:Ireland, iii. 234.

End of Article: ABERNETHY, JOHN (1680-,74o)

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