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BAGSHOT BEDS

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 207 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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BAGSHOT BEDS , in See also:

GEOLOGY (from Gr. yp7, the earth, and Abyor, science)

geology, a See also:

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of sands and See also:

CLAYS, PAUL JEAN (1819-1900)

clays of shallow-See also:

WATER

water origin, some being fresh-water, some marine. They belong to the upper See also:

EOCENE (Gr. *In, dawn, icauvos, recent)

Eocene formation of the See also:

LONDON

London and See also:

HAMPSHIRE (or COUNTY OF SOUTHAMPTON, abbreviated HANTS)

Hampshire basins (See also:

England), and derive their name from Bagshot See also:

Heath in See also:

Surrey; but they are also well See also:

DEVELOPED

developed in Hampshire and the Isle of See also:

WIGHT, ISLE OF

Wight. The following divisions are generally accepted : Upper Bagshot Beds See also:

Barton See also:

sand, and Barton See also:

clay. See also:

MIDDLE

Middle „ Bracklesham beds. See also:

LOWER

Lower See also:

BOURNEMOUTH

Bournemouth beds, See also:

ALUM

Alum See also:

BAY

Bay beds, and Bovey Tracey beds (?). The lower See also:

DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division consists of See also:

PALE (through Fr. pal, from Lat. palms, a stake, for paglus, from the stem pag- of pangere, to fix; " pole " is from the same original source)

pale-yellow, current-bedded sand and See also:

LOAM (O.E. lam; the word appears in Dut. leem and Ger. Lehm; the ultimate origin is the root lai-, meaning " to be sticky," which is seen in the cognate " lime," Lat. limus, mud, clay)

loam, with layers of pipeclay and occasional beds of See also:

flint pebbles. In the London See also:

basin, wherever the junction of the Bagshot beds with the London clay is exposed, it is dear that no See also:

sharp See also:

LINE

line can be See also:

DRAWN

drawn between these formations. The Lower Bagshot beds may be observed at See also:

BRENTWOOD

Brentwood, Billericay and Highbeech in See also:

Essex; outliers, capping hills of London clay, occur at See also:

HAMPSTEAD

Hampstead, See also:

HIGHGATE

Highgate and See also:

HARROW

Harrow. In Surrey consider-able tracts of London clay are covered by heath-bearing Lower Bagshot beds, as at See also:

WEYBRIDGE

Weybridge, See also:

ALDERSHOT

Aldershot, See also:

WOKING

Woking, &c. The " Ramsdell clay,” N.W. of See also:

BASINGSTOKE

Basingstoke, belongs to this formation. In the Isle of Wight the lower division is well exposed at Alum Bay (66o ft.) and See also:

White Cliff Bay (140 ft.); here it consists of unfossiliferous sands (white, yellow, See also:

brown, See also:

CRIMSON

crimson and every intermediate shade), and clays with layers of See also:

LIGNITE (Lat. lignum, wood)

lignite and ferruginous See also:

SANDSTONE

sandstone. Similar beds are visible at Bournemouth, and in the neighbourhood of See also:

Poole, See also:

WAREHAM

Wareham, Corfe and Studland.

The See also:

LEAF (O. Eng. leaf, cf. Dutch loof, Ger. Laub, Swed. lof, &c.; possibly to be referred to the root seen in Gr. Ma-eta, to peel, strip)

leaf-bearing clays of Alum Bay and Bournemouth are well known, and have yielded a large and interesting series of plant remains, including See also:

EUCALYPTUS

Eucalyptus, Caesalpinia, Populus, Platanus, See also:

SEQUOIA

Sequoia, Aralia, Poly See also:

PODIUM (Gr. lr66tov, diminutive of ?roils, foot)

podium, Osmunda, Nipadites and many others. The sands and clays of Bovey Tracey (see BovEY BEns) are probably of the same See also:

AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age. The clays of this formation are of See also:

GREAT

great value for pottery manufacture; they are extensively See also:

MINED

mined in the vicinity of Wareham and Corfe, whence they are shipped from Poole and are consequently known as "Poole clays "; similarly, " See also:

Teignmouth clay" is obtained from the Bovey beds. Alum was formerly obtained from the clays of Alum Bay; and the lignites have been used as See also:

FUEL (O. Fr. feuaile, popular Lat. focalia, from focus, hearth, fire)

fuel near Corfe and at Bovey. The Bracklesham beds (q.v..) are sometimes classed with the overlying Barton clay as Middle Bagshot. In the London basin the Barton beds are unknown. In Surrey and See also:

Berkshire the Bracklesham beds are from 20 to 50 ft. thick; in Alum Bay they are too ft., with beds of lignite in the lower portion; and about here they are sharply marked off from the Barton clay by a See also:

bed of See also:

CONGLOMERATE (from the Lat. conglomerare, to form into a ball, glomus, glomeris; so also the general term " conglomeration " for a miscellaneous collection of things, gathered together in a mass)

conglomerate formed of flint pebbles. The Upper Bagshot beds, Barton sand and Barton clay, are from 140 to 200 ft. thick in the Isle of Wight. The Agglestone (or Haggerstone) See also:

rock and Puckstone rock, near Studland in See also:

DORSETSHIRE (DORSET)

Dorsetshire, are formed of large indurated masses of the Lower Bagshot beds that have resisted the See also:

WEATHER (O. Eng. weder; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Du. weder, Dan. veir, Icel. ve8r, and Ger. Wetter and Gewitter, storm; the root is wa- to blow, from which is derived " wind ")

weather; Creechbarrow near Corfe is another striking feature due to the same beds. Many of the sarsen stones or greywethers of S.E. England have been derived from Bagshot strata. See See also:

MEMOIRS

Memoirs of the See also:

GEOLOGICAL

Geological Survey (England) :—" Geology of the Isle of Wight," new edition (1889); " The Geology of London and See also:

PART

Part of the See also:

THAMES

Thames Valley," vol. i.

(1889) ; and ' The Geology of the See also:

COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

Country around Bournemouth " (1898).

End of Article: BAGSHOT BEDS

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