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BRITISH NEW

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 489 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BRITISH NEW See also:GUINEA The British Territory of Papua has an See also:area of about 90i540 sq. m. and a See also:population estimated at 400,000, of whom about 600 are Europeans. The See also:Protectorate, as declared in 1884, with its seat of See also:government at See also:Port Moresby, was subsidized by the three Australian colonies of See also:Queensland, New See also:South See also:Wales and See also:Victoria, and lasted, under the See also:administration of two successive See also:special commissioners (See also:Major-See also:General See also:Sir See also:Peter Scratchley and the Hon. See also:John See also:Douglas), till the 4th of See also:September 1888, when it was proclaimed by the first Administrator—afterwards See also:Lieutenant-Governor—Sir See also:William See also:MacGregor, a See also:possession of See also:Queen Victoria. Its constitution was that of a See also:crown See also:colony in association with Queensland; but in 1901 the federal government took See also:control of the territory and in 1906 a See also:proclamation by the See also:governor-general of the See also:commonwealth gave it the name of the Territory of Papua. The lieutenant-governor is aided by an executive and a legislative See also:council, and advised by a native regulation See also:board. See also:Justice is administered by See also:petty sessions in the six magisterial districts into which the possession is divided, with a central See also:court at Port Moresby (which, however, sits elsewhere as necessary) having the See also:jurisdiction of a supreme court, from which in certain cases an See also:appeal lies to the supreme court of Queensland.£19,197 in 1905. See also:Commerce and See also:Trade.—The making of mats, fishing-nets, See also:shell ornaments, decorated gourds, and See also:stone implements, and the manufacture of pottery, canoes and See also:sago, constitute the See also:chief native See also:industries, which are the subject of See also:barter between different regions. See also:European industries include See also:gold See also:mining, in which 500 miners, besides natives, are engaged (chiefly in the Louisiade See also:Archipelago), and the beche de mer and See also:pearl-shell See also:fisheries, which were formerly more productive than at See also:present. See also:Copra is naturally largely prepared, as coco-See also:nut palms are very numerous, and are extensively planted every See also:year. A small amount of See also:tortoise-shell is collected. The See also:rubber See also:industry is, according to Sir W. MacGregor, " important and promising." See also:Species of Palaquium, the genus from which, in the See also:Indian Archipelago, the best See also:gutta-percha is obtained, occur on the hills, and from their cultivation there might in See also:time be obtained a large See also:revenue independently of European labour.

See also:

Timber of economic value is scarce. Red See also:cedar (Cedrilia) abounds in the riverine flats, but the quality is poor and commercially valueless; and oaks are plentiful, but the See also:wood is coarse. Small quantities of See also:ebony and See also:sandal-wood are exported. " There can be no See also:reason-able doubt that the See also:sugar-See also:cane, which is native and present in a See also:great many varieties, sago, See also:cotton, probably also indigenous and of exceptionally See also:fine quality, will eventually be valuable " (MacGregor). The trade of British New Guinea is exclusively with the Australian colonies. Imports were valued at £72,286 in 1899–1900 (an increase of over £20,110 in the year), and exports (including the gold mines) at £56,167, while in 1905 the figures were £67,188 for imports and £73,669 for exports, and in 1906 £79,671 and £80,290 respectively.

End of Article: BRITISH NEW

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