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south by hills from 1400 to 1700 ft. in height, rising sharply, and in parts precipitously. The village is celebrated for its situation in the midst of the See also:

WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild Peak See also:

COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, for the caves and mines in the neighbourhood, and for the See also:

Castle of the Peak, the ruins of which are strongly placed on a cliff immediately above the village. The Peak Cavern or See also:

DEVIL (Gr. &a,3oXos, " slanderer," from &ctflisXX sty, to slander)

Devil's Hole, penetrating this cliff, is the most magnificent in Derbyshire. For many generations the entrance to this See also:

cave has served as a workshop, held See also:

FREE

free of See also:

RENT

rent, to families employed in rope and twine making. Speedwell Cavern is not far distant, at the entrance to the See also:

FINE

fine pass of Winnats, by which Castleton and the Vale of Hope are approached from the west. The beauties of this cavern, in which occurs the so-called bottomless See also:

PIT (O. E. pytt, cognate with Du. put, Ger. Pfutze, &c., all ultimately adaptations of Lat. puteus, well, formed from root pu-, to cleanse, whence gurus, clean, pure)

pit, are in See also:

PART

part readily accessible by See also:

BOAT (0. Eng. bdt; the true etymological connexion with Dutch and Ger. boot, Fr. bateau, Ital. battello presents great difficulties; Celtic forms are from O. Eng.)

boat, but the approach to the inner or Cliff cavern is so difficult that it has rarely been explored. Among several other caves is that known as the See also:

BLUE (common in different forms to most European languages)

Blue See also:

John Mine, from the decorative fluorspar called " Blue John " which is obtained here. The See also:

church of St See also:

Edmund, v.

16Castleton, retains a fine See also:

Norman See also:

CHANCEL (through O. Fr. from Lat. plur. cancelli, dim. of cancer, grating, lattice, probably connected with an Indo-European root Kar-, to bend; cf. circus, curve, &c.)

chancel See also:

arch, and the See also:

VESTRY (O.- Fr. vestiaire, Lat. vestiarium, a wardrobe)

vestry contains a valuable library. At See also:

BROUGH, ROBERT (1872-1905)

Brough near Castleton was a See also:

ROMAN

Roman fort, established to hold in check the hillmen of the Peak. It was connected by roads with See also:

Buxton, See also:

Manchester and See also:

Rotherham. The Castle of the Peak, or Peveril Castle, is famous through See also:

Sir See also:

Walter See also:

Scott's novel Peveril of the Peak. See also:

Early earthworks, which, extending from below the castle in a semi-circle, enclosed the See also:

TOWN

town, can still in See also:

GREAT

great part be traced. Before the See also:

CONQUEST

Conquest the site was held by Gernebern and Hundinc, and was granted by the Conqueror to See also:

William Peverell, by whom the castle was built. On the See also:

FORFEITURE (from " forfeit," originally an offence, and hence a fine exacted as a penalty for such; derived through the O. Fr. forfeit, from the late Lat. foris factum, a trespass, that which is done foris, outside)

forfeiture of William Peverell, See also:

GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson of the first holder, it was granted by See also:

Henry II. to See also:

Prince John who, in 1204, made See also:

Hugh Nevill See also:

GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of the castle. In 1216 William See also:

Ferrers, See also:

EARL

earl of See also:

Derby, took it from the rebellious barons, and was made governor by Henry III., who in 1223 granted a See also:

CHARTER (Lat. charta, carta, from Gr. Xap-rns, originally for papyrus, material for writing, thence transferred to paper and from this material to the document, in O. Eng. boc, book)

charter for a weekly See also:

MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market at the town. In 1328 the castle was given to John of Gaunt on his See also:

MARRIAGE

marriage with See also:

BLANCHE, JACQUES EMILE (1861– )

Blanche of See also:

Lancaster, and thus became See also:

PARCEL (Fr. parcelle, Ital. particella, Lat. particela, diminutive of pars, part)

parcel of the duchy of Lancaster. The castle has often been used as a See also:

PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison, and from its position was almost impregnable.

End of Article: CASTLETON

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