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JUEL, NIELS (1629-1697)

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 544 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JUEL, NIELS (1629-1697) , Danish See also:admiral, See also:brother of the preceding, was See also:born on the 8th of May 1629, at See also:Christiania. He served his See also:naval See also:apprenticeship under See also:Van See also:Tromp and De Ruyter, taking See also:part in all the See also:chief engagements of the See also:war of 1652-54 between See also:England and See also:Holland. During a See also:long indisposition at See also:Amsterdam in 1655-1656 he acquired a thorough knowledge of See also:ship-See also:building, and returned to See also:Denmark in 1656 a thoroughly equipped See also:seaman. He served with distinction during the Swedo-Danish See also:wars of 1658-6o and took a prominent part in the See also:defence of See also:Copenhagen against See also:Charles X. During fifteen years of See also:peace, Juel, as admiral of the See also:fleet, laboured assiduously to develop and improve the Danish See also:navy, though he bitterly resented the setting over his See also:head in 1663 of See also:Cort Adelaar on his return from the See also:Turkish wars. In 1661 Juel married Margrethe See also:Ulfeldt. On the outbreak of the Scanian War he served at first under Adelaar, but on the See also:death of the latter in See also:November 1675 he was appointed to the supreme command. He then won a See also:European reputation, and raised Danish See also:sea-See also:power to unprecedented See also:eminence, by the See also:system of naval See also:tactics, afterwards perfected by See also:Nelson, which consists in cutting off a part of the enemy's force and concentrating the'whole attack on it. He first employed this manoeuvre at the See also:battle of Jasmund off See also:Rugen (May 25, 1676) when he See also:broke through the enemy's See also:line in See also:close See also:column and cut off five of their See also:ships, which, however, nightfall prevented him from pursuing. Juel's operations were considerably hampered at this See also:period by the overbearing conduct of his Dutch See also:auxiliary, See also:Philip Almonde, who falsely accused the Danish admiral of cowardice. A few days after the battle of Jasmund, See also:Cornelius Van Tromp the younger, with 17 fresh Danish and Dutch ships of the line, superseded Juel in the supreme command. Juel took a leading part in Van Tromp's See also:great victory off See also:Oland (See also:June 1, 1676), which enabled the Danes to invade Scania unopposed.

On the 1st of June 1677 Juel defeated the See also:

Swedish admiral Sjoblad off Moen; on the 3oth of June 1677 he won his greatest victory, in the See also:Bay of Kjoge, where, with 25 ships of the line and 1267 guns, he routed the Swedish admiral Evert See also:Horn with 36 ships of the line and 1800 guns. For this great See also:triumph, the just See also:reward of See also:superior See also:seamanship and See also:strategy—at an See also:early See also:stage of the engagement Juel's experienced See also:eye told him that the See also:wind in the course of the See also:day would shift from S.W. to W. and he took extraordinary risks accordingly—he was made See also:lieutenant admiral See also:general and a privy councillor. This victory, besides permanently crippling the Swedish navy, gave the Danes a self-confidence which enabled them to keep their Dutch See also:allies in their proper See also:place. In the following See also:year Van Tromp, whose high-handedness had become unbearable, was discharged by See also:Christian V., who gave the supreme command to Juel. In the See also:spring of 1678 Juel put to sea with 84 ships carrying 2400 See also:cannon, but as the Swedes were no longer strong enough to encounter such a formidable armament on the open sea, his operations were limited to blockading the Swedish ports and transporting troops to Rugen. After the peace of See also:Lund Juel showed himself an See also:administrator and reformer of the first See also:order, and under his energetic supervision the Danish navy ultimately reached imposing dimensions, especially after Juel became chief of the admiraltyin 1683. Personally Juel was the noblest and most amiable of men, equally beloved and respected by his sailors, See also:simple, straight-forward and unpretentious in all his ways. During his latter years he was popularly known in Copenhagen as " the See also:good old See also:knight." He died on the 8th of See also:April 1697. See Garde, Niels See also:fuel (1842), and Den dansk. norske Somagts Historie, 1535-1700 (1861). (R. N.

End of Article: JUEL, NIELS (1629-1697)

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