Online Encyclopedia

Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.

KONIA

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 893 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
» Make a correction to this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Spread the word: del.icio.us del.icio.us it!

KONIA . (r) A vilayet in See also:

Asia See also:Minor which includes the whole, or parts of, See also:Pamphylia, See also:Pisidia, See also:Phrygia, See also:Lycaonia, See also:Cilicia and See also:Cappadocia. It was formed in 1864 by adding to the old eyalet of See also:Karamania the western See also:half of See also:Adana, and See also:part of See also:south-eastern Anadoli. It is divided into five sanjaks: See also:Adalia, See also:Buldur, Hamid-abad, Konia and See also:Nigdeh. The See also:population (990,000 Moslems and 8o,000 Christians) is for the most part agricultural and See also:pastoral. The only See also:industries are See also:carpet-See also:weaving and the manufacture of See also:cotton and See also:silk stuffs. There are mines of chrome, See also:mercury, See also:cinnabar, argentiferous See also:lead and See also:rock See also:salt. The See also:principal exports are salt, minerals, See also:opium, cotton, cereals, See also:wool and live stock; and the imports See also:cloth-goods, See also:coffee, See also:rice and See also:petroleum. The vilayet is now traversed by the Anatolian railway, and contains the railhead of the See also:Ottoman See also:line from See also:Smyrna. (2) The See also:chief See also:town [anc. See also:Iconium (q.v.)], See also:altitude 3320 ft., situated at the S.W. edge of the vast central See also:plain of Asia Minor, amidst luxuriant orchards famous in the See also:middle ages for their yellow plums and apricots and watered by streams from the hills. Pop.

45,000, including 5000 Christians. There are interesting remains of Seljuk buildings, all showing strong traces of See also:

Persian See also:influence in their decorative details. The principal ruin is that of the See also:palace of Kilij Arslan II., which contained a famous See also:hall. The most important mosques are the See also:great Tekke, which contains the See also:tomb of the poet Mevlana Jelal ed-din See also:Rumi, a mystic (sufi) poet, founder of the See also:order of Mevlevi (whirling) dervishes, and those of his successors, the " See also:Golden " See also:mosque and those of See also:Ala ed-Din and See also:Sultan See also:Selim. The walls, largely the See also:work of Ala ed-Din I., are preserved in great part and notable for the number of See also:ancient See also:inscriptions built into them. They once had twelve See also:gates and were 30 ells in height. The See also:climate is See also:good—hot in summer and See also:cold, with See also:snow, in See also:winter. Konia is connected by railway with See also:Constantinople and is the starting-point of the See also:extension towards See also:Bagdad. After the See also:capture of See also:Nicaea by the Crusaders (1097), Konia became the See also:capital of the Seljuk Sultans of See also:Rum (see SELJuxs and See also:TURKS). It was temporarily occupied by See also:Godfrey, and again by See also:Frederick See also:Barbarossa, but this scarcely affected its prosperity. During the reign of Ala ed-Din I. (1219-1236) the See also:city was thronged with artists, poets, historians, jurists and dervishes, driven westwards from See also:Persia and See also:Bokhara by the advance of the See also:Mongols, and there was a brief See also:period of great splendour.

After the break up of the See also:

empire of Rum, Konia became a secondary city of the amirate of Karamania and in part See also:fell to ruin. In 1472 it was annexed to the Osmanli empire by Mahommed II. In 1832 it was occupied by See also:Ibrahim See also:Pasha who defeated and captured the See also:Turkish See also:general, Reshid Pasha, not far from the walls. It had come to fill only part of its ancient See also:circuit, but of See also:recent years it has revived considerably, and, since the railway reached it, has acquired a semi-See also:European See also:quarter, with a See also:German hotel, cafes and See also:Greek shops, &c. See W. M. See also:Ramsay, See also:Historical See also:Geography of Asia Minor (189o); St See also:Paul the Traveller (1895) ; G. Le See also:Strange, Lands of the E. See also:Caliphate (1905). (D. G.

End of Article: KONIA

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.

Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.

[back]
KONGSBERG 		[next]
KONIECPOLSKI, STANISLAUS (1591-1646)

Site © 2006 - Net Industries