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MELFI

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 94 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MELFI , a See also:

city and episcopal see of See also:Basilicata, See also:Italy, in the See also:province of See also:Potenza, 30 M. by See also:rail N. of the See also:town of that name. Melfi is picturesquely situated on the See also:lower slopes of See also:Monte See also:Vulture, 1591 it. above See also:sea-level. Pop. (1901), 14,547. The See also:castle was originally erected by See also:Robert Guiscard, but as it now stands it is mainly the See also:work of the See also:Doria See also:family, who have possessed it since the See also:time of See also:Charles V.; and the See also:noble See also:cathedral which was founded in 1153 by Robert's son and successor, See also:Roger, has had a See also:modern restoration (though it retains its campaniles) in consequence of the See also:earthquake of 1851, when the town was ruined, over one thousand of the inhabitants perishing. It is the centre of an agricultural See also:district which produces oil and See also:wine. In the town See also:hall is a See also:fine See also:Roman See also:sarcophagus found 6 m. W. of See also:Venosa. Melfi does not seem to occupy an See also:ancient site, and its origin is uncertain. By the See also:Normans it was made the See also:capital of See also:Apulia in x041, and fortified. The See also:council held by See also:Nicholas I. in x059, that of See also:Urban II. in x089, the See also:rebellion against Roger in 1133 and the subsequent See also:punishment, the See also:plunder of the town by See also:Barbarossa in 1167, the attack by See also:Richard, See also:count of See also:Acerra in 1190, and the See also:parliament of 1223, in which See also:Frederick II. established the constitution of the See also:kingdom of See also:Naples, See also:form the See also:principal points of See also:interest in the See also:annals of Melfi. In 1348 See also:Joanna I. of Naples bestowed the city on Niccolo See also:Acciajuoli; but it was shortly afterwards captured, after a six months' See also:siege, by the See also:king of See also:Hungary, who transferred it to See also:Conrad the See also:Wolf.

In 1392 Goffredo Marzano was made count of Melfi; but Joanna II. granted the lordship to the See also:

Caracciolo family, and they retained it for one See also:hundred and seven years till the time of Charles V. An obstinate resistance was offered by the city to See also:Lautrec de See also:Foix in 1528; and his entrance within its walls was followed by the See also:massacre, it is said, of 18,000 of its citizens. See G. de Lorenzo, Venosa e la regione del Vulture (See also:Bergamo, Igoe).

End of Article: MELFI

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