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STURE

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 1052 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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STURE , an See also:

ancient patrician See also:family of See also:Sweden, the most notable members of which were the following: I. STEN GUSTAFSSON, commonly called Sten Sture the See also:Elder (1440 -1503). In 1464 he came prominently forward in support of See also:Bishop Kettil Karlsson See also:Vasa in his struggle against See also:Christian I. of See also:Denmark, and showed See also:great ability in winning over the peasants and making soldiers of them. In 1470 we find him in the fore-front of the See also:Swedish See also:national leaders and victorious over both Erik Karlsson Vasa and See also:King Christian himself. After the See also:death of Karl Knutsson, commonly called See also:Charles VIII., Sture was elected See also:regent of Sweden; and from 1470 to 1497 displayed some of the highest qualities of a statesman. In 1471 he again defeated Christian I. at the great See also:battle of Brunkebjarg which materially strengthened his position in Sweden. In 1483 he was obliged to acknowledge Hans of Denmark and See also:Norway as king; but the strife of factions enabled him to hold his own till the arrival of Hans in Sweden in 1497. His position had in the meantime been weakened by a ruinous See also:war with See also:Russia. He succeeded, however, in annexing See also:Oland to Sweden. After the terrible defeat of Hans by the Dithmarschers in 15oo Sture was a second See also:time elected regent, holding that See also:office till his death. 2. SVANTE STURE (d.

1512) is mentioned as a senator in 1482. He was one of the magnates who facilitated King Hans's See also:

conquest of Sweden by his opposition to Sten Sture the Elder. Subsequently, however, he was reconciled to the latter and succeeded him as regent. He was by no means so imposing a figure as his predecessor, though, like him, Svante in his later years patriotically resisted the Danish claim of See also:sovereignty. He died suddenly at See also:Vesteras See also:Castle. 3. STEN STURE, commonly called Sten Sture the Younger (1492-1520), the son of Svante. After his See also:father's death he was elected regent by the See also:majority of the lesser gentry to the exclusion of the See also:candidate of the high aristocratic See also:faction, Erik See also:Trolle, whence the inextinguishable hatred. of the two families. In 1513 the aged See also:archbishop of See also:Upsala, See also:Jakob Ulfsson, resigned in favour of Gustaf Trolle, son of Erik Trolle, who was elected by the See also:cathedral See also:chapter and recommended to the See also:pope by the regent on See also:condition that the new archbishop should do him See also:homage. Unfortunately these two masterful See also:young men (Trolle was twenty-seven, Sture barely twenty-three), who represented respectively the highest ecclesiastical and the highest See also:civil authority in Sweden, were only too prone to carry on the family See also:feud. On the return of Trolle from See also:Rome he refused to do homage to the regent till all his enemies had been punished, and allied himself with Christian II. of Denmark, who hastened to the archbishop's assistance when Sture besieged Trolle in his strong-hold at Stake (1516). Nevertheless Sture not only defeated Christian II. at Vedla, but took and razed Stake to the ground, and shut up the archbishop in a monastery at Vesteras.

A riksmote, or national See also:

assembly, held at See also:Stockholm in 1517, declared unanimously that Sweden would never recognize Trolle as archbishop because he had defied the regent and brought the enemy into the See also:land. The war with Denmark was then vigorously resumed. On Midsummer See also:Day 1518 Christian II. appeared before Stockholm with his See also:fleet and landed an See also:army, but was again defeated by Sten Sture at Brankyrka. An See also:attempt of the papal See also:legate Arcimboldus to mediate between the two countries at Arboga (Dec. 1518) failed. In 1520 Christian, with a See also:regular army, and armed with a papal See also:bull excommunicating Sture, again invaded Sweden. The armies clashed near Borgerund on See also:Lake Aarunden (See also:Jan. 19). At the very beginning Sture was See also:hit by a See also:bullet and his See also:peasant levies fled to the See also:wild mountainous regions of Tiveden where they made a last desperate but unsuccessful stand. The mortally-wounded regent took to his sledge and posted towards Stockholm, but expired on the See also:ice of Lake See also:Malar two days later, in his 27th See also:year. See Sveriges historic, vol. i. (Stockholm, 1877-1878) ; K.

O. See also:

Arnold-son, Nordens Enhet och Kristian II. (Stockholm, 1899). (R. N.

End of Article: STURE

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