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VANDAMME, DOMINIQUE RENE, COUNT (1770...

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Originally appearing in Volume V27, Page 885 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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VANDAMME, DOMINIQUE RENE, See also:COUNT (1770-1830) , See also:French soldier, was See also:born at See also:Cassel, near See also:Dunkirk, on the 5th of See also:November 1770. He enlisted in the See also:army in 1786, served in See also:Martinique in 1788 and on returning to See also:France entered into the Revolutionary See also:movement, raising a See also:company of See also:light See also:infantry at his native See also:place. His extraordinary bravery and vigour in the See also:campaign of 1793 ensured his rapid promotion, and after Hondschoote he was made a See also:general of See also:brigade. He served in this See also:rank in the See also:campaigns of 1794 in the See also:Low Countries, 1795 on the See also:Rhine and 1796 in See also:Germany, and at the outbreak of the See also:war in 1799 he was promoted general of See also:division. In that See also:year and in 1800 he served under See also:Brune, See also:Moreau and See also:Macdonald in See also:Holland, Germany and See also:Switzerland. He was renowned for his tenacity and fearlessness as a fighting general as well as for his See also:frank, rough See also:manners and plundering and dissolute See also:life, but once he came under See also:Napoleon's See also:influence he was (unlike most of the Rhine Army See also:officers) his absolutely devoted servant. In 1805, for his splendid leadership at See also:Austerlitz, he was given the See also:Grand See also:Eagle of the See also:Legion of See also:Honour, and in 18o6–7 he commanded a small See also:corps of the Grande Armee which reduced the Silesian fortresses. In 18o8 he was made count of Unebourg. In 1809 he served in the See also:Eckmuhl campaign with distinction, but in 1812, while commanding the Westphalian contingent he quarrelled with See also:King See also:Jerome See also:Bonaparte and returned to France. He returned to the army in 1813. But his corps, sent against the See also:line of See also:retreat of the See also:Allies at the See also:time of the See also:battle of See also:Dresden, was entangled in the mountains, surrounded and after a fierce resistance compelled to surrender at See also:Kulm (see See also:NAPOLEONIC CAMPAIGNS). In his captivity he appears to have been treated with especial harshness, and when the end of the war released him he was forbidden to enter See also:Paris, and sent to Cassel by See also:Louis XVIII.

He was thus See also:

free of all obligations towards the Bourbons, and when Napoleon returned, joined him without hesitation. The See also:emperor made him a peer of France and placed him at the See also:head of the III. corps in the Army of the See also:North (see See also:WATERLOO CAMPAIGN). After Waterloo, under See also:Grouchy's command, he brought back his corps in See also:good See also:order to Paris and thence to the See also:Loire. The Restoration first imprisoned and then exiled him, and unlike most of his comrades he was never re-employed as a general. He died at Cassel on the 15th of See also:July 1830. See Du Casse, Le General Vandamme et sa correspondance.

End of Article: VANDAMME, DOMINIQUE RENE, COUNT (1770-1830)

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VANDALS (Lat. Vandili or Vandilii)
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