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See also:AMRITSAR, or UMRITSAR , a See also:city and See also:district of See also:British See also:India, in the See also:Lahore See also:division of the See also:Punjab. The city has a station on the See also:North Western railway 32 M. E. of Lahore, its position on which has greatly assisted its development. Amritsar is chiefly notable as the centre of the See also:Sikh See also:religion and the site of the See also:Golden See also:Temple, the See also:chief worshipping See also:place of the Sikhs. See also:Ram Das, the See also:fourth guru, laid the See also:foundations of the city upon a site granted by the See also:emperor See also:Akbar. He also excavated the See also:holy tank from which the See also:town derives its name of Amrita Turas, or See also:Pool of See also:Immortality. It is upon a small See also:island in the See also:middle of this tank that the Golden Temple is now situated. About two centuries afterwards, in the course of the struggle between the Sikhs and the Mahommedans, Ahmad Shah See also:Durani routed the Sikhs at the See also:great See also:battle of See also:Panipat, and on his homeward See also:march he destroyed the town of Amritsar, blew up the temple with See also:gunpowder, filled in the sacred tank with mud, and defiled the holy place by the slaughter of cows. But when Ahmad Shah returned to See also:Kabul the Sikhs See also:rose once more and re-established their religion. Finally the city and surrounding district See also:fell under the sway of Ranjit Singh at Lahore, and passed with the See also:rest of the Punjab into the See also:possession of the British after the second Sikh See also:war. The Golden Temple is so called on See also:account of its See also:copper See also:dome, covered with See also:gold See also:foil, which shines brilliantly in the rays of the See also:Indian See also:sun, and is reflected back from the See also:waters of the See also:lake; but the See also:building as a whole is too squat to have much architectural merit apart from its ornamentation. See also:Marble terraces and balustrades surround the tank, and a marble cause-way leads across the See also:water to the temple, whose gilded walls, roof, dome and cupolas, with vivid touches of red curtains, are reflected in the still water. The temple was considerably
enriched by the spoils taken by Ranjit Singh in his conquests. The See also:population of Amritsar in 19or was 162,429. A Sikh See also:college for university See also:education was opened in 1887. The other public buildings include two churches, a town See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
hall and a See also:hospital. Amritsar is famous for its See also:carpet-See also:weaving See also:industry. It was the first See also:mission station of the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of See also:England in the Punjab.
The district is bounded on the N.W. by the See also:river See also:Ravi, on the S.E. by the river See also:Beas, on the N.E. by the district of See also:Gurdaspur, and on the S.W. by the district of Lahore. Amritsar district is a nearly level See also:plain, with a very slight slope from See also:east to See also:west. The See also:banks of the Beas are high, and on this See also:side of the district well-water is not found except at 50 ft. below the See also:surface; while towards the Ravi See also:wells are less than 20 ft. in See also:depth. The only stream passing through the district is the Kirni or Said, which takes its rise in a See also:marsh in the Gurdaspur district, and after traversing See also:part of the district empties itself into the Ravi. Numerous canals intersect the district, affording ample means of See also:irrigation. The See also:Sind, Punjab and See also:Delhi railway (North Western) and See also:Grand See also:Trunk road, which runs parallel with it, afford the See also:principal means of See also:land communication and See also:traffic. The See also:area of the district is 16o1 sq. m.; pop. (Igor) 1,023,828, showing an increase of 3 % on the previous See also:decade. It is the headquarters of the Sikh religion, containing 264,329 Sikhs as against 280,985 See also:Hindus and 474,976 Mahommedans. The principal crops are See also:wheat, See also:pulse, See also:maize, See also:millet, with some See also:cotton and See also:sugar-See also:cane. There are factories for ginning and pressing cotton.
End of Article: AMRITSAR, or UMRITSAR
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