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See also:BERNIS, See also:FRANCOIS See also:JOACHIM DE See also:PIERRE DE (1715—1794) , See also:French See also:cardinal and statesman, was See also:born at St See also:Marcel-d'See also:Ardeche on the 22nd of May 1715. He was of a See also:noble but impoverished See also:family, and, being a younger son, was intended for the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church. He was educated at the See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis-le-See also:Grand See also:college and the See also:seminary of See also:Saint-Sulpice, See also:Paris, but did not take orders till 1755. He became known as one of the most See also:expert epigrammatists in the See also:gay society of Louis XV.'s See also:court, and by his verses won the friendship of Madame de See also:Pompadour, the royal See also:mistress, who obtained for him an apartment, furnished at her expense, in the Tuileries, and a yearly See also:pension of 1500 livres (about L6o). In 1751 he was appointed to the French See also:embassy at See also:Venice, where he acted, to the See also:satisfaction of both parties, as mediator between the See also:republic and See also:Pope See also:Benedict XIV. During his stay in Venice he received subdeacon's orders, and on his return to See also:France in 1755 was made a papal councillor of See also:state. He took an important See also:part in the delicate negotiations between France and See also:Austria which preceded the Seven Years' See also:War. He regarded the See also:alliance purely as a temporary expedient, and did not propose to employ the whole forces of France in a See also:general war. But he was over-ruled by his colleagues. He became secretary for See also:foreign affairs on the 27th of See also:June 1757, but owing to his attempts to counteract the spendthrift policy of the marquise de Pompadour and her creatures, he See also:fell into disgrace and was in See also:December 1958 banished to See also:Soissons by Louis XV., where he remained in retirement for six years. In the previous See also:November he had been created cardinal by See also:Clement XIII. On the See also:death of the royal mistress in 1764, Bernis was recalled and once more offered the See also:seals of See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office, but declined them, and was appointed See also:archbishop of See also:Albi. His occupancy of the see was not of Iong duration. In 1769 he went to See also:Rome to assist at the See also:conclave which resulted in the See also:election of Clement XIV., and the See also:- TALENT (Lat. talentum, adaptation of Gr. TaXavrov, balance, ! Recollections of a First Visit to the Alps (1841); Vacation Rambles weight, from root raX-, to lift, as in rXi vac, to bear, 1-aXas, and Thoughts, comprising recollections of three Continental
talent which he displayed on that occasion procured him the See also:appointment of See also:ambassador in Rome, where he spent the See also:remainder of his See also:life. He was partly instrumental in bringing about the suppression of the See also:Jesuits, and acted with greater moderation than is generally allowed. He lost his See also:influence under See also:Pius VI., who was friendly to the Jesuits, and the French Revolution, to which he was hostile, reduced him almost to penury; the court of See also:Spain, however, mindful of the support he had given to their ambassador in obtaining the condemnation of the Jesuits, came to his See also:relief with a handsome pension. He died at Rome on the 3rd of November 1794, and was buried in the church of S. See also:Luigi de' Francesi. In 1803 his remains were transferred to the See also:cathedral at See also:Nimes. His poems, the longest of which is La See also:Religion vengee (See also:Parma, 1794), have no merit; they were collected and published after his death (Paris, 1797, &c.); his Memoires et lettres 1715—58 (2 vols., Paris, 1878) are still interesting to the historian.
See See also:Frederic See also:Masson's prefaces to the Memoires et lettres, and Le Cardinal de Bernis depuis son ministere (Paris, 1884); E. et J. de See also:Goncourt, Mme de Pompadour (Paris, 1888), and Sainte-Beuve, Causeries du lundi, t. viii.
End of Article: BERNIS, FRANCOIS JOACHIM DE PIERRE DE (1715—1794)
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