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CANROBERT, FRANCOIS CERTAIN (1809–1895)

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 207 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CANROBERT, See also:FRANCOIS CERTAIN (1809–1895) , See also:marshal of See also:France, was See also:born at St Cere (See also:Lot) on the 27th of See also:June 1809 and educated at St Cyr; he received a See also:commission as sub-See also:lieutenant in 1828, becoming lieutenant in 1833. He went to See also:Algeria in 1835, served in the expedition to See also:Mascara, at the See also:capture of See also:Tlemcen, and in 1837 became See also:captain. In the same See also:year he was wounded in the See also:storm of See also:Constantine, receiving the See also:Legion of See also:Honour for his conduct. In 1839 he was employed in organizing a See also:battalion of the See also:Foreign Legion for the Carlist See also:Wars. In 1841 he was again serving in See also:Africa. Promoted lieutenant-See also:colonel in 1846 and colonel of the 3rd See also:regiment in 1847, he commanded the expedition against Ahmed Sghir in 1848, and defeated the See also:Arabs at the Djerma Pass. Transferred to the Zouaves, he defeated the See also:Kabyles, and in 1849 displayed both courage and See also:energy in reinforcing the blockaded See also:garrison of Bou Sada, and in command of one of the attacking columns at Zaatcha (See also:December 1849). For his valour on the latter occasion he received the See also:rank of See also:general of See also:brigade and the commandership of the Legion of Honour. He led the expedition against Narah in 185o and destroyed the Arab stronghold. Summoned to See also:Paris, he was made aide-de-See also:camp to the See also:president, See also:Louis'See also:Napoleon, and took See also:part in the coup d'etat of the 2nd of December 1851. In the See also:Crimean See also:War he commanded a See also:division at the See also:Alma, where he was twice wounded. He held a dormant commission entitling him to command in See also:case of St See also:Arnaud's See also:death, and he thus succeeded to the See also:chief command of the See also:French See also:army a few days after the See also:battle.

He was slightly wounded and had a See also:

horse killed under him at See also:Inkerman, when leading a See also:charge of Zouaves. Disagreements with the See also:English See also:commander-in-chief and, in general, the disappointments due to the prolongation of the See also:siege of See also:Sevastopol led to his resignation of the command, but he did not return to France, preferring to serve as chief of his old division almost up to the fall of Sevastopol. After his return to France he was sent on See also:diplomatic See also:missions to See also:Denmark and See also:Sweden, and made a marshal and senator of France (See also:grand See also:cross Legion of Honour, and honorary G.C.B.). He commanded the III. army See also:corps in See also:Lombardy in 1859, distinguishing himself at See also:Magenta and See also:Solferino. He successively commanded the camp at Chalons, the IV. army corps at See also:Lyons and the army of Paris. In the Franco-See also:German War he commanded the VI. army corps, which won the greatest distinction in the battle of See also:Gravelotte, where Canrobert commanded on the St Privat position. The VI. corps was amongst those shut up in See also:Metz and included in the surrender of that fortress. After the war Canrobert was appointed a member of the See also:superior See also:council of war, and was also active in See also:political See also:life,. being elected senator for Lot in 1876 and for See also:Charente in 1879 and again in 1885. He died at Paris on the 28th of See also:January 1895 and his remains received a public funeral. His Souvenirs were published in 1898 at Paris.

End of Article: CANROBERT, FRANCOIS CERTAIN (1809–1895)

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