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DUNWICH

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Originally appearing in Volume V08, Page 685 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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DUNWICH , a See also:

village in the See also:Eye See also:parliamentary See also:division of See also:Suffolk, See also:England, on the See also:coast between Southwold and See also:Aldeburgh, 5 M. S.S.W. of Southwold. Pop. (1901) 157. This was in Anglo-Saxon days the most important commercial centre and See also:port of See also:East Anglia. It was probably a Romano-See also:British site. The See also:period of its highest dignity was the Saxon era, when it was called Dommocceaster and Dunwyk. See also:Early in the 7th See also:century, when See also:Sigebert became See also:king of East Anglia, Dunwich was chosen his See also:capital and became the nursery of See also:Christianity in Eastern See also:Britain. A bishopric was founded (according to See also:Bede in 63o, while the Anglo-Saxon See also:chronicle gives 635), the name of the first See also:bishop being See also:Felix. Sigebert's reign was notable for his See also:foundation of a school modelled on those he had seen in See also:France; it was probably at Dunwich, but formed the See also:nucleus of what afterwards became the university of See also:Cambridge. By the See also:middle of the 11th century (temp. See also:Edward the See also:Confessor) Dunwich was declining, as it had already suffered from an evil which later caused its See also:total ruin, namely the inroads of the See also:sea on the unstable coast.

At the See also:

Norman See also:Conquest the See also:manor was granted to See also:Robert See also:Malet; but the See also:history of the See also:place remains See also:blank until the reign of See also:Henry II., when it re-emerged into prosperity. In 1173 the sight of its strength caused Robert See also:earl of See also:Leicester to despair of besieging it. The See also:town received a See also:charter from King See also:John. In the reign of Edward I. it is recorded to have possessed 36 See also:ships and " barks," trading to the See also:North Seas, See also:Iceland and elsewhere, with 24 fishing boats, besides maintaining 1 r ships of See also:war. But early in the reign of Edward III. the attacks of the sea began to make headway again. In 1347 over 400 houses were destroyed. In 1570, after a terrible See also:storm, See also:appeal was made to See also:Elizabeth, who parsimoniously granted See also:money obtained by the See also:sale of See also:lead and other materials from certain neighbouring churches. But the doomed town was gradually engulfed, and now the only outward See also:evidence of the old wealthy port is the ruined fragment of the See also:church of All See also:Saints, overhanging a See also:low cliff, which, as it crumbles, exposes the coffins and bones in the former See also:churchyard, the greater See also:part of which has disappeared. A small See also:white See also:flower growing See also:wild among the ruins is called the Dunwich See also:Rose, and is traditionally said to have been planted and cultivated by monks. Many See also:relics have been discovered by excavation, and even from beneath the waves. Until 1832 Dunwich returned 2 members to See also:parliament.

End of Article: DUNWICH

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DUNTZER, JOHANN HEINRICH JOSEPH (1813-1901)
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