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GIBBONS, JAMES (1834– )

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Originally appearing in Volume V11, Page 937 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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See also:

GIBBONS, See also:JAMES (1834– ) , See also:American See also:Roman See also:Catholic See also:cardinal and See also:archbishop, was See also:born in See also:Baltimore, See also:Maryland, on the 23rd of See also:July 1834, and was educated at St See also:Charles See also:College, Ellicott See also:City, Maryland, and St See also:Mary's See also:Seminary, Baltimore, where he finished his theological training and was ordained See also:priest on the 3oth of See also:June 1861. After a See also:short See also:time spent on the See also:missions of Baltimore, he was called to be secretary to See also:Arch-See also:bishop See also:Martin J. See also:Spalding and assistant at the See also:cathedral. When in 1866 the Second Plenary See also:Council of Baltimore considered the See also:matter of new diocesan developments, he was selected to organize the new Vicariate Apostolic of See also:North Carolina; and was consecrated bishop in See also:August 1868. During the four successful years spent in North Carolina he wrote, for the benefit of his See also:mission See also:work, The Faith of our Fathers, a brief presentation of the doctrines of the Roman Catholic See also:Church, especially intended to reach Protestants; the books passed through more than See also:forty See also:editions in See also:America and about seventy in See also:England, and an See also:answer was made to it in Faith of our Forefathers (1879), by See also:Edward J. Stearns. Gibbons was transferred to the see of See also:Richmond, See also:Virginia, in 1872, and in 1877 was made coadjutor, with the right of See also:succession, to the Archbishop (James R. Bayley) of Baltimore. In See also:October of the same See also:year he succeeded to the archbishopric. See also:Pope See also:Leo XIII. in 1883 selected him to preside over the Third Plenary Council in Baltimore (1884), and on the 3oth of June 1886 created him a cardinal priest, with the See also:title of See also:Santa Maria Trastevere. His simplicity of See also:life, foresight and prudence made him a See also:power in the church. Thoroughly American, and a See also:lover of the See also:people, he greatly altered the attitude of the Roman Catholic Church toward the Knights of Labor and other labour organizations, and his public utterances displayed the true instincts of a popular See also:leader.

He contributed frequently to See also:

periodicals, but as an author is known principally by his See also:works on religious subjects, including Our See also:Christian Heritage (1889) and The See also:Ambassador of See also:Christ (1896). For many years an ardent See also:advocate of the See also:establishment of a Catholic university, at the Third Plenary Council of Baltimore (1884) he saw the realization of his desires in the establishment of the Catholic University of America at See also:Washington, of which he became, first See also:chancellor and See also:president of the See also:board of trustees.

End of Article: GIBBONS, JAMES (1834– )

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