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See also:LEO, HEINRICH (1799-1878) , See also:German historian, was See also:born at See also:Rudolstadt on the 19th of See also:March 1799, his See also:father being See also:chaplain to the See also:garrison there. His See also:family, not of See also:Italian origin—as he himself was inclined to believe on the strength of family tradition—but established in See also:Lower See also:Saxony so See also:early as the 16th See also:century, was typical of the German upper See also:middle classes, and this fact, together with the strongly religious See also:atmosphere in which he was brought up and his early See also:enthusiasm for nature, largely determined the See also:bent of his mind. The See also:taste for See also:historical study was, moreover, early instilled into him by the eminent philologist Karl Wilhelm See also:Gottling (1793-1869), who in 1816 became a See also:master at the Rudolstadt gymnasium. From 1816 to 1819 Leo studied at the See also:universities of See also:Breslau, See also:Jena and See also:Gottingen, devoting himself more especially to See also:history, See also:philology and See also:theology. At this See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time the universities were still agitated by the Liberal and patriotic aspirations aroused by the See also:War of Liberation; at Breslau Leo See also:fell under the See also:influence of See also:Jahn, and joined the See also:political gymnastic association (Turuverein); at Jena he attached himself to the See also:radical wing of the German Bursche,nschaft, the so-called " See also:Black See also:Band," under the leadership of Karl See also:Follen. The See also:murder of See also:Kotzebue by Karl See also:Sand, however, shocked him out of his extreme revolutionary views, and fromthis time he tended, under the influence of the writings of See also:Hamann and See also:Herder, more and more in the direction of conservatism and romanticism, until at last he ended, in a See also:mood almost of See also:pessimism, by attaching himself to the extreme right wing of the forces of reaction. So early as See also:April 1819, at Gottingen, he had fallen under the influence of Karl See also:Ludwig von See also:Haller's Handbuch der allgemeinen Staatenkunde (18o8), a See also:text-See also:book of the See also:counter-Revolution. On the Irth of May 1820 he took his See also:doctor's degree; in the same See also:year he qualified as Privatdozent at the university of See also:Erlangen. For this latter purpose he had chosen as his thesis the constitution of the See also:free Lombard cities in the middle ages, the See also:province in which he was destined to do most for the scientific study of history. His See also:interest in it was greatly stimulated by a See also:journey to See also:Italy in 1823; in 1824 he returned to the subject, and, as the result, published in five volumes a history of the Italian states (1829–1832). Meanwhile he had been established (1822-1827) as Dozent at See also:Berlin, where he came in contact with the leaders of German thought and was somewhat spoilt by the flattering attentions of the highest Prussian society. Here, too, it was that See also:Hegel'sphilosophy of history made a deep impression upon him. It was at See also:Halle, however, where he remained for See also:forty years (1$28-1868), that he acquired his fame as an academical teacher. His wonderful See also:power of exposition, aided by a remarkable memory, is attested by the most various witnesses. In 1830 he became See also:ordinary See also:professor.
In addition to his lecturing, Leo found time for much See also:literary and political See also:work. He collaborated in the Jahrbiicher See also:fur Wissenschaftliche Kritikfrom its See also:foundation in 1827 until the publication was stopped in 1846. As a critic of See also:independent views he won the approval of See also:Goethe; on the other See also:hand, he fell into violent controversy withRanke about questions connected with Italian history. Up to the revolutionary year 1830 his religious views had remained strongly tinged with rational-ism, Hegel remaining his See also:guide in See also:religion as in See also:practical politics and the treatment of history. It was not till 1838 that Leo's polemical work See also:Die Hegelingen proclaimed his See also:breach with the radical developments of the philosopher's later disciples; a breach which See also:developed into opposition to the philosopher him-self. Under the 'impression of the See also:July revolution in See also:Paris and of the orthodox and pietistic influences at Halle, Leo's political convictions were henceforth dominated by reactionary principles. As a friend of the Prussian " Camarilla " and of See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King See also:Frederick See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William IV. he collaborated especially in the high conservative Politisches Wochenblatt, which first appeared in 1831, as well as in the Evangelische Kirchenzeitung, the Kreuzzeitung and the Volksblatt fur Stadt and See also:Land. In all this his critics scented an inclination towards Catholicism; and Leo did actually glorify the counter-See also:Reformation, e.g. in his History of the See also:Netherlands (2 vols. 1832–1835)• His other historical See also:works also, notably his Universalgeschichte (6 vols., 1835–1844), display a very otiesided point of view. When, however, in connexion with the See also:quarrel about the archbishopric of See also:Cologne (1837), political Catholicism raised its See also:head menacingly, Leo turned against it with extreme violence in his open See also:letter (1838) to Goerres, its foremost See also:champion. On the other hand, he took a lively See also:part in the politico-religious controversies within the See also:fold of Prussian Protestantism.
Leo was by nature highly excitable and almost insanely passionate, though at the same time strictly See also:honourable, unselfish, and in private intercourse even See also:gentle. During the last year of his See also:life his mind suffered rapid decay, of which signs had been apparent so early as 1868. He died at Halle on the 24th of April 1878. In addition to the works already mentioned, he See also:left behind an See also:account of his early life (Meine Jugendzeit, See also:Gotha, 1880) which is of interest.
See See also:Lord See also:Acton, See also:English Historical See also:Review, i. (1886); H. See also:Haupt, Karl Follen und die Giessener Schwarzen (See also:Giessen, 1907) ; W. Herbst, See also:Deutsch-Evangelische Bldtter, Bd. 3; P. Kragelin, H. Leo, vol. i. (1779-1844) (See also:Leipzig, 1908); P. Kraus, Allgemeine Konservative Monatsschrift, Bd. 5o u. 51; R. M. See also:Meyer, Gestalten and Probleme (1904) ; W. See also:Schrader, Geschichte der Friedrichs- Universitai in Halle (Berlin, 1894); C. Varrentrapp, Historische Zeitschrift, Bd. 92; F. X. Wegele, Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, Bd. 18 (1883);
Geschichte der deutschen Historiographie (1885); G. See also:Wolf, Einffiihrung in das Studium der neueren Geschichte (1910). Leo's Rectitudines singularum personarum nebst einer einleitenden Abhandlung fiber Landsiedelung, Landbau, gutsherrliche and bauerliche Verhaltnisse der Angelsachsen, was translated into English by Lord Acton (1852).
U.
End of Article: LEO, HEINRICH (1799-1878)
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