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LANJUINAIS, JEAN DENIS, COMTE (1753-1...

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Originally appearing in Volume V16, Page 182 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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LANJUINAIS, See also:JEAN See also:DENIS, See also:COMTE (1753-1827) , See also:French politician, was See also:born at See also:Rennes (Ille-et-Vilaine) on the '2th of See also:March 1753. After a brilliant See also:college career, which made him See also:doctor of See also:laws and a qualified See also:barrister at nineteen, he was appointed counsel to the See also:Breton estates and in 1795 See also:professor of ecclesiastical See also:law at Rennes. At this See also:period he wrote two important See also:works which, owing to the distracted See also:state of public affairs, remained unpublished, Institutiones See also:juris ecclesiastici and Praelectiones juris ecclesiastici. He had begun his career at the See also:bar by See also:pleading against the feudal See also:droit du See also:colombier, and when he was sent by his See also:fellow-citizens to the states-See also:general of 1789 he demanded the abolition of See also:nobility and the substitution of the See also:title of See also:king of the French and the Navarrese for king of See also:France and See also:Navarre, and helped to establish the See also:civil constitution of the See also:clergy. Returned to the See also:Convention in See also:September 1792 he See also:developed moderate, even reactionary views, becoming one of the fiercest opponents of the See also:Mountain, though he never wavered in his support of republican principles. He refused to See also:vote for the See also:death of See also:Louis XVI., alleging that the nation had no right to despatch a vanquished prisoner. His daily attacks on the Mountain resulted, on the 15th of See also:April 1793, in a demandby the See also:commune for his exclusion from the See also:assembly, but, undaunted, when the Parisian populace invaded the Chamber on the 2nd of See also:June, Lan juinais renewed his See also:defiance of the victorious party. Placed under See also:arrest with the Girondins, he escaped to Rennes where he See also:drew up a pamphlet denouncing the constitution of 1793 under the curious title Le Dernier See also:Crime de Lanjuinais (Rennes, 1793). Pursued by J. B. See also:Carrier, who was sent to See also:stamp out resistance in the See also:west, he See also:lay hidden until some See also:time after the revolution of See also:Thermidor (See also:July 1794), but he was re-admitted to the Convention on the 8th of March 1795. He maintained his liberal and See also:independent attitude in the Conseil See also:des Anciens, the See also:Senate and the Chamber of Peers, being See also:president of the upper See also:house during the See also:Hundred Days.

Together with G. J. B. See also:

Target, J. E. M. See also:Portalis and others he founded under the See also:empire an See also:academy of legislation in See also:Paris, himself lecturing on See also:Roman law. Closely associated with See also:oriental scholars, and a keen student of oriental religions, he entered the Academy of See also:Inscriptions in i8o8. After the See also:Bourbon restoration Lanjuinais consistently defended the principles of constitutional See also:monarchy, but most of his time was given to religious and See also:political subjects. Besides many contributions to periodical literature he wrote, among other works, Constitutions de la nation francaise (1819); Appreciation du projet de loi relatif aux trois concordats (i8o6, 6th ed. 1827), in See also:defence of See also:Gallicanism; and Etudes biographiques et litteraires sur See also:Antoine See also:Arnauld, P. See also:Nicole et Jacques See also:Necker (1823).

He died in Paris on the 13th of See also:

January 1827. His son, See also:VICTOR AMBROISE, VICOMTE DE LANJUINAIS (1802-1869), was also a politician, becoming a See also:deputy in '838. His interests lay chiefly in See also:financial questions and in 1849 he became See also:minister of See also:commerce and See also:agriculture in the See also:cabinet of Odilon See also:Barrot. He wrote a See also:Notice historique sur la See also:vie et See also:les ouvrages du comte de Lanjuinais, which was prefixed to an edition of his See also:father's Euvres (4 vols., 1832). For the See also:life of the comte de Lanjuinais see also A. See also:Robert and G. Cougny, Dictionnaire des parlementaires, vol. ii. (189o); and F. A. See also:Aulard, Les Orateurs de la Legislative et de la Convention (Paris, 1885-'886). For a bibliography of his works see J. M.

See also:

Querard, La France litteraire, vol. iii. (1829).

End of Article: LANJUINAIS, JEAN DENIS, COMTE (1753-1827)

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