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LISIEUX

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Originally appearing in Volume V16, Page 774 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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LISIEUX , a See also:

town of See also:north-western See also:France, See also:capital of an See also:arrondissement in the See also:department of See also:Calvados, 30 M. E. of See also:Caen by See also:rail. Pop. (1906) 15,194. Lisieux is prettily situated in the valley of the Touques at its confluence with the Orbiquet. Towers of the 16th See also:century, See also:relics of the old fortifications, remain, and some of the streets, bordered throughout by houses of the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries, retain their See also:medieval aspect. The See also:church of St See also:Peter, formerly a See also:cathedral, is reputed to be the first See also:Gothic church built in See also:Normandy. Begun in the latter See also:half of the 12th century it was completed in the 13th and 16th centuries. There is a See also:lantern-See also:tower over the See also:crossing and two towers surmount the See also:west See also:facade, one only of which has a See also:spire, added towards the end of the 16th century. In the interior there is a See also:Lady-See also:Chapel, restored in the 15th century by See also:Bishop See also:Pierre See also:Cauchon, one of the See also:judges of See also:Joan of Arc. The church of St Jacques (See also:late 15th century) contains beautiful See also:glass of the See also:Renaissance, some remarkable stalls and old frescoes, and a curious picture on See also:wood, restored in 1681. The church of St Desir (18th century) once belonged to a See also:Benedictine See also:abbey.

The old episcopal See also:

palace near the cathedral is now used as a See also:court-See also:house, museum, library and See also:prison, and contains a beautiful See also:hall called the salle doree. Lisieux is the seat of a sub-See also:prefect, and has tribunals of first instance and of See also:commerce, a chamber of arts and manufactures, a See also:board of See also:trade arbitrators and a communal See also:college. Its manufactures of woollens are important, and See also:bleaching, See also:wool and See also:flax-See also:spinning, tanning, See also:brewing, See also:timber-sawing, See also:metal-See also:founding, and the manufacture of machinery, See also:hosiery and boots and shoes are carried on; there is trade in See also:grain, See also:cattle and See also:cheese. In the See also:time of See also:Caesar, Lisieux, under the name of Noviomagus, was the capital of the Lexovii. Though destroyed by the barbarians, by the 6th century it had become one of the most important towns of See also:Neustria. Its bishopric, suppressed in 1802, See also:dates from that See also:period. In 877 it was pillaged by the See also:Normans; and in 911 was included in the duchy of Normandy by the treaty of St Clair-sur-Epte. See also:Civil authority was exercised by the bishop as See also:count of the town. In 1136 See also:Geoffrey See also:Plantagenet laid See also:siege to Lisieux, which had taken the See also:side of See also:Stephen of See also:Blois. The town was not reduced till 1141, by which time both it and the neighbourhood had been brought to the direst extremities of See also:famine. In 1152 the See also:marriage of See also:Henry II. of See also:England to Eleanor of See also:Guienne, which added so largely to his dominions, was celebrated in the cathedral. See also:Thomas a See also:Becket took See also:refuge here, and some See also:vestments used by him are shown in the See also:hospital chapel.

Taken by See also:

Philip See also:Augustus and reunited to France in 1203, the town was a frequent subject of dispute between the contending parties during the See also:Hundred Years' See also:War, the religious See also:wars, and those of the See also:League.

End of Article: LISIEUX

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