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See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
LOUIS IV . (921-954), See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:France, surnamed " d'Outremer " (Transmarinus), was the son of See also:Charles III. the See also:Simple. In consequence of the imprisonment of his See also:father in 922, his See also:mother Odgiva (Eadgyfu), See also:sister of the See also:English king A:thelstan, fled to See also:England with the See also:young Louis—a circumstance to which he owes his surname. On the See also:death of the usurper See also:Rudolph (Raoul), See also:Ralph of See also:Burgundy, See also:Hugh the See also:Great, See also:count of See also:Paris, and the other nobles between whom France was divided, See also:chose Louis for their king, and the lad was brought over from England and consecrated at See also:Laon on the 19th of See also:June 936. Although his de facto See also:sovereignty was confined to the See also:town of Laon and to some places in the See also:north of France, Louis displayed a zeal beyond his years in procuring the recognition of his authority by his turbulent vassals. The beginning of his reign was marked by a disastrous irruption of the Hungarians into Burgundy and See also:Aquitaine (937). In 939 Louis became involved in a struggle with the See also:emperor See also:Otto the Great on the question of See also:Lorraine, the nobles of which See also:district had sworn an See also:oath of fidelity to the king of France. When Louis married Gerberga, sister of Otto, and widow of Giselbert, See also:duke of Lorraine, there seemed to be a
2 The emperor Louis I. 1s counted as Louis I., king of France.
See also:fair prospect of See also:peace; but the See also:war was resumed, Otto supporting the See also:rebel lords of the See also:kingdom of France, and peace was not declared until 942, at the treaty of Vise-sur-See also:Meuse. On the death of See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William Longsword, duke of See also:Normandy, who had been assassinated by See also:Arnulf, count of See also:Flanders, in See also:December 942, Louis endeavoured to obtain See also:possession of the See also:person of See also:Richard, the young son and See also:heir of the See also:late duke. After an unsuccessful expedition into Normandy, Louis See also:fell into the hands of his adversaries, and was for some See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time kept prisoner at See also:Rouen (945), and subsequently handed over to Hugh the Great, who only consented to See also:release him on See also:condition that he should surrender Laon. Menaced, however, by Louis' See also:brother-in-See also:law, Otto the Great, and excommunicated by the See also:council of See also:Ingelheim (948), the powerful See also:vassal was forced to make submission and to restore Laon to his See also:sovereign. The last years of the reign were troubled by fresh difficulties with Hugh the Great and also by an irruption of the Hungarians into the See also:south of France. Louis died on the loth of See also:September 954, and was succeeded by his son See also:Lothair.
The See also:chief authority for the reign is the chronicler See also:Flodoard. See also Ph. Lauer, La Regne de Louis IV d'Outre-Mer (Paris, 1900) ; and A. Heil, See also:Die politischen Beziehungen zwischen Otto dem Grossen and See also:Ludwig IV. von Frankreich (See also:Berlin, 1904). (R.
End of Article: LOUIS IV
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