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MINTURNAE

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 564 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MINTURNAE , an See also:

ancient See also:city of the See also:Aurunci, in See also:Italy, situated on the N.W. See also:bank of the Liris with a suburb on the opposite bank 11 m. from its mouth, at the point where the Via See also:Appia crossed it by the Pons Tiretius. It was one of the three towns of the Aurunci which made See also:war against See also:Rome in 314 B.c., the other two being Ausona (see SESSA AURUNCA) and Vescia; and the Via Appia was made two years later. It became a See also:colony in 295 B.C. In 88 B.C. See also:Marius in his See also:flight from See also:Sulla hid himself in the marshes of Minturnae. The ruins consist of an See also:amphitheatre (now almost entirely demolished, but better preserved in the 18th See also:century), a See also:theatre, and a very See also:fine See also:aqueduct in See also:opus reliculalum, the See also:quoins of which are of various See also:colours arranged in patterns to produce a decorative effect. See also:Close to the mouth of the See also:river was the sacred See also:grove of the See also:Italic goddess Marica. It is still mentioned in the 6th century, but was probably destroyed by the See also:Saracens, and its See also:low site, which had become unhealthy, was abandoned in favour of that of the See also:modern See also:town of Minturno (known as Traetto until the 19th century), 459 ft. above See also:sea-level. A See also:tower at the mouth of the river, erected between 961 and 981, commemorates a victory gained by See also:Pope See also:John X. and his See also:allies over the Saracens in 915. It is built of See also:Roman materials from Minturnae, including several See also:inscriptions and sculptures. See T. See also:Ashby in Melanges de l'E°See also:cole francaise de Rome (1903), 413;See also:MINUSINSK R.

See also:

Laurent-Vibert and A. Piganol, ibid. (1907), p. 495; G. Q. Giglioli, Notizie degli Scavi (1908) p. 396. (T. As.) ,MINUCIUS, See also:FELIX See also:MARCUS, one of the earliest if not the earliest, of the Latin apologists for See also:Christianity. Of his See also:personal See also:history nothing is known, and even the date at which he wrote can be only approximately ascertained. See also:Jerome (De See also:vie. See also:ill 58) speaks of him as " Romae insignis causidicus," but in this he is probably only improving on the expression of Lactantius (Inst. div. v. r) who speaks of him as " non ignobilis inter causidicos loci." He is now exclusively known by his Octavius, a See also:dialogue on Christianity between the See also:pagan See also:Caecilius Natalis 1 and the See also:Christian Octavius See also:Januarius, a provincial lawyer, the friend and See also:fellow-student of the author. The See also:scene is pleasantly and graphically laid on the See also:beach at See also:Ostia on a See also:holiday afternoon,. and the discussion is represented as arising .out of the See also:homage paid by Caecilius, in passing, to the See also:image of See also:Serapis.

His arguments for paganism (possibly modelled on those of See also:

Celsus) are taken up seriatim by Octavius, with the result that the assailant is convinced. Minucius. himself plays the See also:part of See also:umpire. The See also:form of the dialogue is modelled on the De natura deorum and De divinatione of See also:Cicero and its See also:style is both vigorous and elegant if at times not exempt from something of the affectation of the See also:age. Its latinity is not of the specifically Christian type. If the doctrines of the Divine unity, the resurrection, and future rewards and punishments be See also:left out of See also:account, the See also:work has less the See also:character of an exposition of Christianity than of a philosophical and ethical polemic against the absurdities of polytheism. While it thus has much in See also:common with the See also:Greek Apologies it is full of the strong common sense that marks the Latin mind. Its ultimate See also:appeal is to the fruits of faith. The Octavius is admittedly earlier than See also:Cyprian's Quod idola dii non See also:lint, which borrows from it; how much earlier can be determined only by settling the relation in which it stands to See also:Tertullian's Apologeticum. Since A. See also:Ebert's exhaustive See also:argument in 1868, repeated in 1889, the priority of Minucius has been generally admitted; the objections are stated in the Dict. Chr. Biog. See also:article by G.

See also:

Salmon. See also:Editions: F. Sabaeus-Brixianus, as Bk. viii. of See also:Arnobius (Rome, 1543) ; F. See also:Balduinus, first See also:separate edition (See also:Heidelberg, 1560); See also:Migne, See also:Patrol. See also:Lat. iii. 239; See also:Halm in Corp. Scr. Eccl. Lat.(See also:Vienna, 1867); H. A. See also:Holden. See also:Translations: R.

E. See also:

Wallis, in-Ante-Nic. Fathers, vol. iv.; A. A. Brodribb's Pagan and Puritan. Literature: In addition to that already cited see H. Boenig's See also:art. in Hauck-See also:Herzog's Realencyk. vol. 13. and the various histories of See also:early Christian Literature by A. See also:Harnack, G. See also:Kruger, A. Ehrhard and O. Bardenhewer.

End of Article: MINTURNAE

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