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PRINCE ANIKITA IVANOVICH REPNIN (1668...

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 106 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PRINCE ANIKITA IVANOVICH See also:REPNIN (1668—1726) , See also:Russian See also:general, and one of the collaborators of See also:Peter the See also:Great, with whom he See also:grew up. On the occasion of the Sophian insurrection of 1689, he carefully guarded Peter in the Troitsa monastery, and subsequently took, See also:part in the See also:Azov expedition, during which he was raised to the grade of general. He took part in all the See also:principal engagements of the Great See also:Northern See also:War. Defeated by See also:Charles XII. at Holowczyn, he was degraded to the ranks, but was pardoned as a See also:reward for his valour at Lyesna and recovered all his lost dignities. At See also:Poltava he commanded the centre. From the See also:Ukraine he was transferred to the Baltic Provinces and was made the first See also:governor-general of See also:Riga after its See also:capture in 1710. In 1724 he succeeded the temporarily disgraced favourite, See also:Menshikov, as war See also:minister. See also:Catherine I. created him a See also:field-See also:marshal See A. Bauman, Russian Statesmen of the Olden See also:Time (Rus.), vol. i. (See also:Petersburg, 1877). His See also:grandson, PRINCE NIKOLAI VASILEVICH REPNIN (1734—18o1), Russian statesman and general, served under his See also:father, Prince Vasily Anikitovich, during the Rhenish See also:campaign of 1748 and subsequently resided for some time abroad, where he acquired " a thoroughly See also:sound See also:German See also:education." He also participated in the Seven Years' War in a subordinate capacity. Peter III. sent him as See also:ambassador in 1763 to See also:Berlin.

The same See also:

year Catherine transferred him to See also:Warsaw as minister plenipotentiary, with especial instructions to See also:form a Russian party in See also:Poland from among the dissidents, who were to receive equal rights with the Catholics. Repnin convinced himself that the dissidents were too poor and insignificant to be of any real support to See also:Russia, and that the whole agitation in their favour was factitious. At last, indeed, the dissidents themselves even petitioned the empress to leave them alone. It is clear from his See also:correspondence that Repnin, a singularly proud and high-spirited See also:man, much disliked the very dirty See also:work he was called upon to do. Nevertheless he faithfully obeyed his instructions, and, by means more or less violent or discreditable, forced the See also:diet of 1768 to concede everything. The immediate result was the See also:Confederation of See also:Bar, which practically destroyed the ambassador's handiwork. Repnin resigned his See also:post for the more congenial occupation of fighting the See also:Turks. At the See also:head of an See also:independent command in See also:Moldavia and See also:Walachia, he prevented a large See also:Turkish See also:army from See also:crossing the Pruth (1770); distinguished himself at the actions of Larga and Kagula; and captured See also:Izmail and See also:Kilia. In 1771 he received the supreme command in Walachia and routed the Turks at See also:Bucharest. A See also:quarrel with the See also:commander-in-See also:chief, Rumyantsev, then induced him to send in his resignation, but in 1774 he participated in the capture of See also:Silistria and in the negotiations which led to the See also:peace of Kuchuk-Kainarji,, In 1775—76 he was ambassador at the See also:Porte. On the outbreak of the war of the Bavarian See also:Succession he led 30,000 men to See also:Breslau, and at the subsequent See also:congress of See also:Teschen, where he was Russian plenipotentiary, compelled See also:Austria to make peace with See also:Prussia. During the second; Turkish war (1787—92) Repnin was, after See also:Suvarov, the most successful of the Russian commanders.

He defeated the Turks at Salcha, captured the whole See also:

camp of the seraskier, See also:Hassan See also:Pasha, shut him up in Izmail, and was preparing to reducethe See also:place when he was forbidden to do so by See also:Potemkin (1789). On the retirement of Potemkin (q.v.) in 1791, Repnin succeeded him as commander-in-chief, and immediately routed the See also:grand See also:vizier at Machin, a victory which compelled the Turks to accept the truce of See also:Galatz (31st of See also:July 1791). In 1794 he was made governor-general of the newly acquired Lithuanian provinces. The See also:emperor See also:Paul raised him to the See also:rank of field-marshal (1796), and, in 1798, sent him on a See also:diplomatic See also:mission to Berlin and See also:Vienna in See also:order to detach Prussia from See also:France and unite both Austria and Prussia against the See also:Jacobins. On his return unsuccessful, he was dismissed the service. See A. Kraushar, Prince Repnin in Poland, z764—8 (Pol.) (Warsaw, 1900) ; " Correspondence with See also:Frederick the Great and others " (Rus. and Fr.), in Russky Arkhiv (1865, 1869, 1874, Petersburg); M. Longinov, True Anecdotes of Prince Repnin (Rus.) (Petersburg, 1865). (R. N.

End of Article: PRINCE ANIKITA IVANOVICH REPNIN (1668—1726)

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