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RUGE, ARNOLD (18o2—188o)
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See also:RUGE, See also:ARNOLD (18o2—188o) , See also:German philosopher and See also:political writer, was See also:born at See also:Bergen, in the See also:island of See also:Rugen, on the 13th of See also:September 1802. He studied at See also:Halle, See also:Jena and See also:Heidelberg, and became an adherent of the party which sought to create a See also:free and See also:united See also:Germany. For his zeal he was confined for five years in the fortress of See also:Kolberg, where he studied See also:Plato and the See also:Greek poets. On his See also:release in 183o he published See also:Schill and See also:die Seinen, a tragedy, and a See also:translation of See also:Oedipus in Colonus. Ruge settled in Halle, where in 1837 with E. T. Echtermeyer he founded the Hallesche Jahrbucher See also:fur deutsche Kunst and Wissenschaft. In this periodical he discussed the questions of the See also:time from the point of view of the Hegelian See also:philosophy. The Jahrbucher was detested by the orthodox party in See also:Prussia; and was finally suppressed by the Saxon See also:government in 1843. In See also:Paris Ruge tried to See also:act with Karl See also:Marx as co-editor of the See also:Deutsch-Franzosische Jahrbucher, but had little sympathy with Marx's socialistic theories, and soon See also:left him. In the revolutionary See also:movement of 1848 he organized the Extreme Left in the See also:Frankfort See also:parliament, and for some time he lived in See also:Berlin as the editor of the Die Reform. The Prussian government intervened and Ruge soon afterwards left for Paris, hoping, through his friend See also:Alexandre Ledru-See also:Rollin, to establish relations between German and See also:French republicans; but in 1849 both Ledru-Rollin and Ruge had to take See also:refuge in See also:London. Here, in See also:company with Giuseppe Mazzini and other advanced politicians, they formed a " See also:European Democratic See also:Committee." From this Ruge soon withdrew, and in 1850 went to See also:Brighton, where he supported himself by teaching and See also:writing. In 1866 and 187o he vigorously supported Prussia against See also:Austria, and Germany against See also:France. In his last years he received from the German government a See also:pension of r000 marks. He died on the 3I St of See also:December 1880. Ruge was a See also:leader in religious and political liberalism, but did not produce any See also:work of enduring importance. In 1846–48 his Gesammelte Schriften were published in ten volumes. After this time he wrote, among other books, Unser See also:System, Revolutionsnovellen, Die Loge See also:des Humanismus, and Aus fruherer Zeit (his See also:memoirs). He also wrote many poems, and several dramas and romances, and translated into German various See also:English See also:works, including the Letters of See also:Junius and See also:Buckle's See also:History of See also:Civilization. His Letters and See also:Diary (1825–80) were published by See also:Paul Nerrlich (Berlin, 1885-87). See A. W. Bolin's L. See also:Feuerbach, pp. 127-52 (See also:Stuttgart, 1891). Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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