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See also:SMEATON, See also:JOHN (1724–1792) , See also:English See also:civil engineer, was See also:born at Austhorpe See also:Lodge, near See also:Leeds, on the 8th of See also:June 1724. He received a See also:good See also:education at the See also:grammar school of Leeds. At an See also:early See also:age he showed a liking for the use of See also:mechanical tools, and in his fourteenth or fifteenth See also:year contrived to make a turning-See also:lathe. On leaving school in his sixteenth year he was employed in the See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of his See also:father, an See also:attorney, but, after attending for some months in 1742 the courts at See also:Westminster See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
Hall, he requested to be allowed to follow some mechanical profession. He became apprentice to a philosophical See also:instrument maker, and in 1750 set up in business on his own See also:account. Besides improving various mathematical See also:instruments used in See also:navigation and See also:astronomy, he carried on experiments in regard to other mechanical appliances, amongst the most important being a See also:series on which he founded a See also:paper—for which he received the See also:Copley See also:medal of the Royal Society in 1759—entitled An Experimental Inquiry concerning the Native See also:Powers of See also:Water and See also:Wind to turn See also:Mills and other See also:Machines depending on a Circular See also:Motion. In 1754 he made a tour of the See also:Low Countries to study the See also:great See also:canal
See also:works of See also:foreign See also:engineers. Already by his papers read before the Royal Society and his intercourse with scientific men his abilities as an engineer had become well known, and in 1756 application was made to him to reconstruct the Eddystone lighthouse, which had been burnt down in See also:December of the previous year. After the completion of the new See also:tower in 1759, Smeaton's See also:advice was frequently sought in regard to important See also:engineering projects, including the construction of canals (especially the Forth and See also:Clyde canal), the drainage of See also:fens, the designing of harbours and the repair and erection of See also:bridges, though many of the schemes he See also:drew up were not carried out on account of the See also:general lack of See also:capital. He was also employed in designing numerous waterwheels, windmills, pumps, and other mechanical appliances. A considerable portion of his See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time was devoted to astronomical studies and observations, on which he read various papers before the Royal Society. A year before his See also:death he announced that he wished " to dedicate the See also:chief See also:part of his remaining time to the description of the several works performed under his direction," but he completed nothing more than the Narrative of the See also:Building of the Eddystone See also:Light-See also:house, which had already appeared. He died at Austhorpe on the 28th of See also:October 1792, and was buried in the old See also:parish See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of Whitkirk.
See John See also:Holmes, A See also:Short Narrative of the See also:Genius, See also:Life and Works of the See also:late Mr John Smeaton (1793); and S. See also:Smiles, Lives of the Engineers.
End of Article: SMEATON, JOHN (1724–1792)
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