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TOYNBEE, ARNOLD (1852-1883)

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Originally appearing in Volume V27, Page 115 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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TOYNBEE, See also:ARNOLD (1852-1883) , See also:English social reformer and economist, second son of See also:Joseph Toynbee (1815- 1866), From the Pampean Formation of See also:Argentina. a distinguished surgeon, was See also:born in See also:London on the 23rd' of See also:August 1852. He had originally intended to enter the See also:army, but See also:ill See also:health and a growing love of books changed his plans, and he settled down to read for the See also:bar. Here again the same causes produced a See also:change of purpose, and he entered as a student at See also:Pembroke See also:College, See also:Oxford. Finding himself by no means at ease in that college he migrated after two years to Balliol College. Continued ill health prevented his See also:reading for honours, but he made so deep an impression on the authorities of his college that on taking his degree he was appointed lecturer and See also:tutor to students preparing for the See also:Indian See also:civil service. He devoted himself to the study of See also:economics and economic See also:history. He was active also as a See also:practical social reformer, taking See also:part in much public See also:work and delivering lectures in the large See also:industrial centres on economic problems. He overtaxed his strength, and after lecturing in London in See also:January 1883 he had a See also:complete break-down, and died of inflammation of the See also:brain at See also:Wimbledon on the 9th of See also:March. Toynbee had a striking See also:influence on his contemporaries, not merely through his intellectual See also:powers, but by his strength of See also:character. He See also:left behind him a beautiful memory, filled as he was with the love of truth and an ardent and active zeal for the public See also:good. He was the author of some fragmentary pieces, published after his See also:death by his widow, under the See also:title of The Industrial Revolution.

This See also:

volume deserves See also:attention both for its See also:intrinsic merit and as indicating the first See also:drift of a changing method in the treatment of economic problems. He, however, fluctuated considerably in his See also:opinion of the Ricardian See also:political See also:economy, in one See also:place declaring it to be a detected " intellectual imposture," whilst elsewhere, apparently under the influence of See also:Bagehot, he speaks of it as having been in See also:recent times " only corrected, re-stated, and put into the proper relation to the See also:science of See also:life," meaning apparently, by this last, See also:general See also:sociology. He saw that the See also:great help in the future for the science of economics must come from the See also:historical method, to which in his own researches he gave preponderant See also:weight. Toynbee's See also:interest in the poor and his anxiety to be personally acquainted with them led to his See also:close association with the See also:district of See also:White-See also:chapel in London, where the Rev. See also:Canon S. A. See also:Barnett (q.v.) was at that See also:time See also:vicar—an association which was commemorated after his death by the social See also:settlement of Toynbee See also:Hall, the first of many similar institutions erected in the See also:East End of London for the purpose of uplifting and brightening the lives of the poorer classes. See F. C. Montague's Arnold Toynbee (Johns See also:Hopkins University Studies, 1889); See also:Lord See also:Milner's Arnold Toynbee: a See also:Reminiscence (1901); and L. L. See also:Price's See also:Short History of Political Economy in See also:England for a See also:criticism of Toynbee as an economist.

End of Article: TOYNBEE, ARNOLD (1852-1883)

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